Metamemory Deficits in People with Alzheimer's Disease

阿尔茨海默病患者的元记忆缺陷

• 批准号: 6942237
• 负责人: AYANNA K Thomas
• 金额: $ 5.69万
• 依托单位: COLBY COLLEGE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-09-01 至 2006-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6942237
• 关键词: Alzheimer' s disease; awareness; behavior test; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; cues; functional ability; human subject; memory disorders; neuropsychology; psychometrics; self concept

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This proposal is written in response to PAR 03-056 and focuses on research topic number 16 (Executive Function). Metamemory is traditionally defined as the knowledge and awareness we have about our own memory. Metamemory focuses on the interplay between monitoring our mental state and controlling our cognitive processes. Awareness of our memory capabilities allows us to implement strategies to better remember events. Metamemory failure in people with Alzheimer's disease (AD) can influence episodic memory through the failure to allocate resources during study or the failure to reject possible competitor items at test. To further investigate metamemory in people with AD, a judgment-of-learning (JOL) procedure is adopted in which participants are asked to judge how easy it will be to remember an item immediately after studying that item. Researchers have proposed that JOLs are influenced by three classes of cues: intrinsic, extrinsic, and mnemonic. Intrinsic factors include item properties; extrinsic factors pertain to the encoding operations applied by a learner; mnemonic factors include idiosyncratic knowledge about one's own memory. These factors will be examined in detail to determine what cues lead to the most accurate metamemory performance. Further, the proposed research examines whether the deficit in episodic memory JOLs is reliably related to impaired executive functions as assessed through psychometric measures that have been localized to frontal and medial temporal regions. Three experiments manipulate intrinsic, extrinsic, and mnemonic cues independently. Memory accuracy will be compared to JOLs using Goodman-Kruskal gamma (y) correlations and absolute calibration. Metamemory accuracy will be correlated to psychometric measures in order to assess the neurological underpinnings of metamemory deficits. Results from this research will foster the development of a larger federal grant proposal which will investigate how reliance on metamemory can be used to improve episodic memory in people with AD.

描述（由申请人提供）：该提案是针对 PAR 03-056 编写的，重点关注第 16 号研究主题（执行职能）。元记忆传统上被定义为我们对自己记忆的知识和意识。元记忆专注于监测我们的精神状态和控制我们的认知过程之间的相互作用。对我们的记忆能力的认识使我们能够实施策略来更好地记住事件。阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 患者的元记忆失败可能会通过在研究期间未能分配资源或在测试中未能拒绝可能的竞争对手项目来影响情景记忆。为了进一步研究 AD 患者的元记忆，采用了学习判断 (JOL) 程序，要求参与者在学习某个项目后立即判断记住该项目的难易程度。研究人员提出，JOL 受到三类线索的影响：内在线索、外在线索和助记符。内在因素包括物品属性；与学习者应用的编码操作有关的外部因素；助记因素包括关于自己记忆的特殊知识。我们将详细检查这些因素，以确定哪些线索可以实现最准确的元记忆性能。此外，拟议的研究还考察了情景记忆 JOL 的缺陷是否与执行功能受损有关，这是通过针对额叶和内侧颞区的心理测量措施进行评估的。三个实验独立地操纵内在、外在和助记线索。将使用 Goodman-Kruskal gamma (y) 相关性和绝对校准将内存准确性与 JOL 进行比较。元记忆准确性将与心理测量测量相关联，以评估元记忆缺陷的神经学基础。这项研究的结果将促进一项更大规模的联邦拨款提案的制定，该提案将研究如何利用元记忆来改善 AD 患者的情景记忆。