Cataract: Health Disparity for Older African-Americans

白内障：老年非洲裔美国人的健康差距

• 批准号: 6851421
• 负责人: SHEILA K WEST
• 金额: $ 6.93万
• 依托单位: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-09-01 至 2007-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6851421
• 关键词: African American; aging; alcoholic beverage consumption; cataract; cataract surgery; caucasian American; diabetes mellitus; disease /disorder classification; disease /disorder proneness /risk; epidemiology; eye fundus photography; health behavior; health care service utilization; health disparity; health services research tag; human data; human old age (65+); hypertension; longitudinal human study; mathematical model; model design /development; pathologic process; racial /ethnic difference; smoking; ultraviolet radiation; vision

African Americans have more visual impairment from cataract, and less cataract surgery, compared to Caucasians. While risk factors for cataract have been studied, specific determinants of cataract incidence and progression, and time to cataract surgery, comparing factors and their importance within racial groups has not been done. The aims of this research are: to determine the incidence and progression of cataract in an older population-based sample of African Americans compared to Caucasians; to determine predictive factors and their relative importance for incidence and progression; and to determine factors predicting time to cataract surgery for those with visually disabling cataract in each racial group. Prospective data have already been collected as part of the NIA funded SEE project; baseline, 2, 6, and 8 year data are available from the 2520 participants on UV exposure, alcohol and tobacco use, medications, diseases such as hypertension and diabetes, and other key risk factors. Ocular photographs were taken at baseline and graded for presence and severity of cortical, nuclear, and posterior sub-capsular cataract, and taken but not yet graded for follow up visits. Vision and physical function measures were taken at each round, enabling analyses of functional impact of cataract and predictors of seeking cataract surgery. Models will be constructed to determine risk factors for cataract incidence and progression, testing for interactions by racial groups. Level of visual impairment due to cataract and effect on physical function within racial groups will be used to model triggers for subsequent cataract surgery. Such data will increase knowledge of cataractogenic mechanisms within racial groups, and provide more understanding of disparites in seeking cataract surgery. These data will advance the goal of reducing health disparity in visual disability from cataract among older African Americans.

与高加索人相比，非洲裔美国人的视力障碍更大，白内障手术较少。尽管已经研究了白内障的危险因素，但白内障发病率和进展的特定决定因素以及白内障手术的时间，比较因素及其在种族组中的重要性。这项研究的目的是：确定与高加索人相比，非洲裔美国人的老年人样本中白内障的发生率和进展；确定预测因素及其对发病率和进展的相对重要性；并确定预测每个种族中视觉残疾白内障患者白内障手术时间的因素。预期数据已被收集为NIA资助的一部分，请参见项目；基线，2、6和8年的数据可从2520名参与者获得有关紫外线曝光，酒精和烟草使用，药物，高血压和糖尿病等疾病以及其他关键危险因素的疾病。在基线时拍摄了眼镜照片，并分级为皮质，核和后囊型白内障的存在和严重程度，并尚未分级进行随访。在每一轮中采取视力和身体功能测量，从而可以分析白内障的功能影响和寻求白内障手术的预测指标。将构建模型以确定白内障发病率和进展的危险因素，并测试种族群体的相互作用。由于白内障而引起的视觉障碍水平和对种族组内身体功能的影响将用于模拟触发因素，以进行随后的白内障手术。这些数据将增加对种族群体内白内科机制的知识，并在寻求白内障手术中对差异的更多了解。这些数据将促进降低非裔美国人白内障视力障碍中健康差异的目标。