Neurocognitive Risks & Consequences of Smoking

神经认知风险

• 批准号: 7058886
• 负责人: JENNIFER M GLASS
• 金额: $ 19.1万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-09-30 至 2010-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7058886
• 关键词: adolescence (12-20); attention; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; cognition disorders; developmental psychology; disease /disorder onset; disease /disorder proneness /risk; executive function; functional magnetic resonance imaging; human subject; longitudinal human study; neuropsychological tests; neuropsychology; personality; reinforcer; short term memory; smoking; substance abuse related behavior; tobacco abuse; young adult human (21-34)

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This project's over arching aim is to characterize the neurocognitive risks for onset of cigarette smoking and neurocognitive consequences of continued smoking in mid to late adolescence and into the early 20's. Data for this study will be collected from youth (N=910) in an ongoing high-risk-for-alcohol-use-disorder prospective family study who had neurocognitive assessments in early adolescence and who have been well characterized by ongoing assessments at three year intervals since early childhood. The sample will move from late adolescence into the early twenties during the new project period. The high-risk sample and the extensive neurocognitive measures are ideally suited for the aims of the current project, which will evaluate the neurocognitive risks and consequences for smoking onset and continued smoking through secondary analyses. Nicotine initially has beneficial effects on alertness and attention and may engender continued use in adolescents with attention problems. Continued chronic smoking is associated with reduced neurocognitive function in adults especially reduced working memory function, slower reaction times, slower information processing speed and reduced cognitive proficiency. Neural functioning will also be characterized directly via fMRI to examine individual differences in brain functioning in relation to cigarette smoking and changes in brain function over time with chronic cigarette smoking. Differences in neural development will be characterized in the late teens and again two years later in 120 selected youth from the larger study using a working memory cognitive task. Neurocognitive assessments will be carried out at 3 year intervals, and the fMRI protocol is to be administered twice during the grant period. Reduced neurocognitive function appears to be both a risk for and a consequence of smoking and the longitudinal design provides a unique opportunity to assess neurocognitive function before and after smoking onset.

描述（由申请人提供）： 该项目的拱门目的是表征吸烟的神经认知风险以及在青春期中期至20年代初期持续吸烟的神经认知后果。这项研究的数据将从青少年（n = 910）中收集到一项正在进行的高风险使用的前瞻性家庭研究中，他们在青春期早期进行了神经认知评估，并且自幼儿以来就以三年的时间间隔进行了三年的评估。在新项目期间，样本将从青春期晚期转变为二十多岁。高风险样本和广泛的神经认知措施非常适合当前项目的目的，这将评估通过二次分析的吸烟和继续吸烟的神经认知风险和后果。尼古丁最初对警觉和注意力产生有益的影响，并可能在患有注意力问题的青少年中继续使用。持续的慢性吸烟与成人的神经认知功能降低有关，尤其是工作记忆功能降低，反应时间较慢，信息处理速度较慢以及认知能力降低。神经功能还将直接通过fMRI来表征，以检查与吸烟有关的脑功能中的个体差异，并且随着时间的流逝，随着时间的流逝，脑功能随着慢性吸烟而变化。神经发育的差异将在青少年后期的特征，两年后，在120名从大型研究中选出的青年使用工作记忆认知任务中的差异。神经认知评估将以3年的间隔进行，并在赠款期间两次进行fMRI方案。降低的神经认知功能似乎既是吸烟的风险，又是结果，纵向设计为评估吸烟前后的神经认知功能提供了独特的机会。