Behavioral Models of Impulsivity: ETOH and 5-HT Effects

冲动行为模型：ETOH 和 5-HT 效应

• 批准号: 6875271
• 负责人: Donald M Dougherty
• 金额: $ 28.81万
• 依托单位: WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-04-01 至 2010-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6875271
• 关键词: aggression; alcoholic beverage consumption; alcoholism /alcohol abuse; behavior prediction; behavior test; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; decision making; ethanol; human subject; impulsive behavior; interview; neurotransmitter metabolism; reinforcer; serotonin; serotonin inhibitor; substance abuse related behavior; tryptophan; young adult human (21-34)

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): A series of experiments are proposed that will examine both the separate and the combined effects of alcohol and serotonin manipulations on two categorically distinct models of behavioral impulsivity (rapid-decision and reward-directed). To identify the time-course effects of these manipulations, healthy men and women will be evaluated at periodic intervals before and after pharmacological intervention. To determine whether rapid-decision and reward-directed models are differentially affected by alcohol and/or serotonin manipulations, each participant will experience all pharmacological conditions (repeated-measures design). In Experiment 1, we will examine dose effects of alcohol on behavioral impulsivity. In Experiment 2, we will examine dose effects of L-tryptophan loading and depletion (which alter central nervous system serotonin levels) on behavioral impulsivity. In Experiment 3, we will examine the interactive effects of alcohol and L-tryptophan manipulation on behavioral impulsivity. The aims of these studies are to determine: (1) the dose-dependent effects of alcohol (using 0.00, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, and 1.00 g/kg of alcohol) on rapid-decision and reward-directed models of impulsivity; (2) the dose-dependent effects of L-tryptophan manipulation (using depleting, loading, and balanced amino acid drink mixtures) on rapid-decision and reward-directed models of impulsivity; (3) how a biological state change produced by L-tryptophan manipulation can moderate vulnerability to the behavioral effects of alcohol; (4) how different components of impulsivity (rapid-decision and reward-directed models) are differentially affected by the alcohol and L-tryptophan manipulations; and (5) how baseline responding on these behavioral models relates to one another (accounting for shared and unique variance) and to self-report measures of impulsivity. Together, these studies will yield information important to understanding the relationship between alcohol and L-tryptophan and their individual and combined effects on human impulsive behavior. This will provide evidence that serotonin may act as a moderating factor for alcohol-induced behavioral impulsivity. These studies will serve as a basis for further exploration of how the behavioral effects of alcohol impact underlying mechanisms of impulsivity and what factors contribute to the individual differences observed in impulsive behavior after alcohol consumption.

描述（由申请人提供）：提出了一系列实验，将检查酒精和血清素操纵对两种截然不同的行为冲动模型（快速决策和奖励导向）的单独和组合影响。为了确定这些操作的时间过程效应，将在药物干预前后定期对健康男性和女性进行评估。为了确定快速决策和奖励导向模型是否受到酒精和/或血清素操作的不同影响，每个参与者将经历所有药理学条件（重复测量设计）。在实验 1 中，我们将检查酒精对行为冲动的剂量影响。在实验 2 中，我们将检查 L-色氨酸负荷和消耗（改变中枢神经系统血清素水平）对行为冲动的剂量效应。在实验 3 中，我们将研究酒精和 L-色氨酸操纵对行为冲动的交互影响。这些研究的目的是确定：（1）酒精（使用 0.00、0.25、0.50、0.75 和 1.00 g/kg 酒精）对快速决策和奖励导向的冲动模型的剂量依赖性影响； (2) L-色氨酸操作（使用消耗、加载和平衡氨基酸饮料混合物）对快速决策和奖励导向的冲动模型的剂量依赖性影响； (3) L-色氨酸操作产生的生物状态变化如何减轻对酒精行为影响的脆弱性； (4) 冲动的不同组成部分（快速决策和奖励导向模型）如何受到酒精和 L-色氨酸操纵的不同影响； （5）这些行为模型的基线反应如何相互关联（考虑到共同和独特的方差）以及自我报告的冲动测量。总之，这些研究将产生对于理解酒精和 L-色氨酸之间的关系以及它们对人类冲动行为的单独和综合影响的重要信息。这将提供证据表明血清素可能充当酒精引起的行为冲动的调节因素。这些研究将为进一步探索酒精的行为影响如何影响冲动的潜在机制以及哪些因素导致饮酒后冲动行为中观察到的个体差异奠定基础。