Measurement of Gender Differences in Disability and Care

残疾和护理方面性别差异的衡量

基本信息

批准号：
6576073
负责人：
KATHRYN M YOUNT
金额：
$ 6.85万
依托单位：
EMORY UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2002-09-30 至 2004-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Demographic projections indicate that populating aging is imminent in the Middle East, and sex differences in longevity mean that these growing older populations increasingly consist of women. It is well documented that females at other ages have poorer survival prospects and less access to health care compared to males in the region. Because little is known about older adults in general, the extent to which such disparities persist in later life remains unexplored. A related concern is that instruments previously used in this and other developing regions to assess health status and use of services among older adults have not been adequately tested in these cultures. The validity and reliability of survey instruments are relevant to substantive are relevant to substantive questions about gender differences, given that the validity and reliability of self-reported health status and access to care are known to differ by gender elsewhere.. Therefore, prior to exploring the relationship of gender to health status and service use among older adults in the Middle East, relevant instruments need to be validate for use in this setting. The purpose of this pilot project is to test on a representative sample of non-institutionalized older adults in Egypt the validity and reliability of questionnaires that have routinely been used to measure health status and service use among similar populations in industrialized settings. The specific goals of this study are to: 1. determine the feasibility of conducting home-based tests of physical performance in a disadvantaged population of older adults in Egypt, 2. (a) assess the validity of self-reported data on functional limitation in this population, (b) compare the validity of self reported functional limitation by gender, 3. (a) assess the reliability of self-reports of other health conditions and use of health services in this population, and (b) compare the reliability of self-reports of other health conditions and of use of services by gender. The project site will be Minia, Egypt, and a public use dataset will be made available in due course so that fellow researchers can examine other questions about health and aging in this study population. This study will address important methodological questions about the utility of health interview surveys to gather information on older adults (defined here as age greater than or equal too 50 years) in less developed settings. Being among the first to validate in a developing region instruments that were designed to measure health status and service use among older populations in industrialized countries, this study will answer long-standing questions about the cross-cultural applicability of these instruments. In doing so, findings will provide an indication of the accuracy and reliability of existing self-reported data on health status and service use among older populations in other developing countries where similar instruments have been administered without prior validation. Findings may also inform future revisions to estimates of the global burden of disease, for which little reliable information has been available from developing countries. Finally, answers to the methodological questions that motivate this project will enable the study team to develop well-designed instruments and procedures for data collection to be used in subsequent studies of the level and determinants of differences by gender in health status and use of modern health care at older ages in Egypt and other Middle Eastern settings.

人口统计预测表明，中东人口老龄化迫在眉睫，而寿命的性别差异意味着这些不断增长的老年人口中女性越来越多。有充分证据表明，其他年龄段的女性生存前景较差与该地区的男性相比，获得医疗保健的机会较少。由于人们对老年人的总体情况知之甚少，这种差异在晚年生活中持续存在的程度仍有待探索。一个相关的担忧是，以前在该地区和其他发展中地区使用的评估老年人健康状况和服务使用情况的工具尚未在这些文化中得到充分测试。调查工具的有效性和信度关系到调查的实质内容与性别差异的实质性问题相关，因为众所周知，其他地方自我报告的健康状况和获得护理的机会的有效性和可靠性因性别而异。因此，在探讨性别与健康状况和服务使用之间的关系之前，中东老年人，相关仪器需要验证才能使用在这个设置下。该试点项目的目的是对埃及非机构化老年人的代表性样本进行测试，以测试问卷的有效性和可靠性，这些问卷通常用于衡量埃及类似人群的健康状况和服务使用情况。工业化环境。本研究的具体目标是： 1. 确定对埃及弱势老年人群进行家庭身体机能测试的可行性， 2. (a) 评估有关该人群功能限制的自我报告数据的有效性， (b) 比较按性别自我报告的功能限制的有效性， 3. (a) 评估该人群其他健康状况和卫生服务使用情况自我报告的可靠性，以及 (b) 比较其他健康状况自我报告和按性别使用服务的可靠性。该项目地点将在埃及米尼亚，并将在适当的时候提供公共使用数据集，以便研究人员能够检查该研究人群中有关健康和老龄化的其他问题。本研究将解决有关健康访谈调查的效用的重要方法问题，以收集欠发达地区老年人（此处定义为年龄大于或等于 50 岁）的信息。成为首批在发展中地区进行验证的企业之一旨在衡量工业化国家老年人口的健康状况和服务使用情况的工具，本研究将回答有关这些工具的跨文化适用性的长期问题。在此过程中，调查结果将表明其他发展中国家老年人口健康状况和服务使用情况的现有自我报告数据的准确性和可靠性，这些国家在未经事先验证的情况下使用了类似的工具。研究结果还可能为未来对全球疾病负担估计值的修订提供信息，而发展中国家对此几乎没有可靠的信息。最后，对推动该项目的方法论问题的回答将使研究团队能够开发精心设计的数据收集工具和程序，以便在随后的差异水平和决定因素研究中使用埃及和其他中东地区老年人健康状况和现代医疗保健使用中的性别问题。