Microbial Mediation of Habitat Selection and Production

栖息地选择和生产的微生物介导

• 批准号: 6845675
• 负责人: Edward D Walker
• 金额: $ 31.7万
• 依托单位: MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-02-15 至 2007-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6845675
• 关键词: Africa; Anopheles; animal population study; arthropod nonpollutant control; communicable disease transmission; ecosystem; ethology; field study; food chain; food resource; gas chromatography mass spectrometry; growth /development; larva; malaria; microorganism classification; microorganism interaction; microorganism metabolism; microorganism population study; nutrient bioavailability; nutrition related tag; organic chemicals; polymerase chain reaction; statistics /biometry

DESCRIPTION: (provided by the applicant): In subSaharan Africa, the risk of malaria is due to exposure to infectious bites of mosquitoes, particularly Anopheles gambiae. There is a high degree of heterogeneity in the number of infectious bites that peoplewho live in endemic areas receive, which has implications for quantifying and ultimately reducing intensity of transmission. We hypothesize that this heterogeneity is due to aggregated production of adult mosquitoes from larval habitats, which is a function of oviposition site selection and larval habitat production. We believe that both of these processes are mediated by microorganisms that occur in larval habitats. Female mosquitoes will choose oviposition sites that emit volatile organic compounds(VOCs), which are generated by microbial metabolism of proteins (to indole and its derivatives) and humic acids (to phenolics). Secondly, we will quantify microbial processing of nutrients and accrual of microbial biomass in larval habitats, and link them to adult production. We believe that density-dependentlarval competition for nutrient-limited microbial food resources will limit adult production and will result in emergent females of variable, suboptimal body masses and nutrient reserves. These factors will in turn affect population regulatory processes and vectorial capacity attributes in An. Gambiae populations. Methods will involve spatial quantification of productive larval habitats in the Asembo Bay study site in western Kenya, a thoroughly mapped and well studied malaria endemic area. Microbial-mediation of oviposition site selection will be studied through characterization of the microbial community and emitted VOCs using GC/MS. GC/MS-electroantennogram detection of VOCs, and experimental oviposition site selection where microbes and VOCs are manipulated. Microbial basis for larval habitat production will be studied with field and lab experiments where nutrient sources and microbial communities are quantified, manipulated and larval growth responses and adult production quantified.

描述：（由申请人提供）：在非洲的亚斯哈兰非洲 疟疾是由于暴露于传染性蚊子所致，尤其是 Anopheles Gambiae。数量很高的异质性 人们生活在地方性地区的人们的感染性叮咬 对量化和最终降低传播强度的影响。 我们假设这种异质性是由于成人的综合产生 幼虫栖息地的蚊子是产卵位点的函数 选择和幼虫栖息地生产。我们相信这两个过程 由在幼虫栖息地中发生的微生物介导。雌性蚊子 将选择发出挥发性有机化合物（VOC）的产卵位点 由蛋白质的微生物代谢产生（吲哚及其蛋白质 衍生物）和腐殖酸（致酚类）。其次，我们将量化 幼虫中养分和微生物生物量的微生物加工 栖息地，并将其与成人生产联系起来。我们相信 密度依赖性露珠竞争营养限制的微生物食品 资源将限制成人的产量，并将导致新兴的女性 可变的，次优的体重和营养储量。这些因素将在 转弯影响人口监管过程和矢量容量属性 在冈比亚人口。方法将涉及空间量化 肯尼亚西姆博湾研究地点的生产性幼体栖息地， 彻底映射并研究了良好的疟疾特有区域。微生物介导 通过表征，将研究产卵位点的选择 微生物社区和使用GC/MS发射的VOC。 GC/MS-ELECTRONANGONM 在微生物中检测VOC和实验性产卵位点的选择 和VOC被操纵。幼虫栖息地生产的微生物基础将是 研究营养源和微生物的现场和实验室实验 社区被量化，操纵和幼虫的增长反应和成人 生产量化。