Space-Time Microwave Imaging for Breast Cancer Detection

用于乳腺癌检测的时空微波成像

• 批准号: 6473344
• 负责人: SUSAN C HAGNESS
• 金额: $ 14.18万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-06-03 至 2004-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6473344
• 关键词: bioimaging /biomedical imaging; biomedical equipment development; breast neoplasm /cancer diagnosis; clinical biomedical equipment; clinical research; diagnosis design /evaluation; early diagnosis; human tissue; image processing; magnetic resonance imaging; mammography; mathematical model; microwave radiation; phantom model

Description (Provided by Applicant): The objective of the proposed research is to demonstrate the feasibility of an ultrawideband space-time microwave imaging (STMI) method for early-stage breast cancer detection. The outcome of the proposed work will be 1) the development of robust STM about signal processing algorithms for detection and imaging of malignant lesions, 2) STMI performance evaluation using realistic numerical breast phantoms, 3) realistic physical breast phantoms and a first generation STMI hardware prototype, and 4) experimental STMI performance evaluation using physical phantoms and ex vivo human breast tissue imaging scenarios. Two classes of STMI algorithms will be considered: beamforming and adaptive detection. The beamformer combines filtered versions of the backscattered signals at an antenna array to pass signals scattered from a given location with unit gain while attenuating backscattered signals from other directions. The beamformer focus location is scanned to generate a map of scattered signal energy as a function of position. Adaptive detection methods form a test statistic based on the expected space-time pattern that would result if a lesion were actually located at the candidate location. Both techniques will incorporate frequency-dependent propagation and scattering effects and optimally discriminate against artifacts and noise. Anatomically realistic numerical breast phantoms will be derived from routine high resolution 3-D MRI breast scans. The prototype instrument will be constructed from a commercial vector network analyzer and an ultrawideband antenna that is repositioned to create a synthetic array. The physical breast phantom will consist of heterogeneous solid tissue simulants molded into the shape of a naturally flattened breast. Ex vivo imaging experiments will be conducted on six different patients' tissue samples obtained from reduction surgeries. The proposed ultrawideband STMI approach offers the potential of a pain-free non-ionizing breast cancer screening technology capable of reducing the rate of false negatives and false positives associated with conventional X-ray mammography, especially for challenging cases involving radiographically dense breasts or tumors near the chest wall or near the axilla.

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议研究的目标是 证明超宽带时空微波成像的可行性 (STMI) 早期乳腺癌检测方法。的结果 建议的工作是 1) 开发关于信号处理的鲁棒 STM 恶性病变检测和成像算法，2) STMI 性能 使用真实的数字乳房模型进行评估，3) 真实的物理 乳房模型和第一代 STMI 硬件原型，以及 4) 使用物理模型和离体进行实验性 STMI 性能评估 人体乳腺组织成像场景。两类 STMI 算法将是 考虑：波束成形和自适应检测。波束形成器结合了 天线阵列处反向散射信号的滤波版本以通过 从给定位置以单位增益散射的信号，同时衰减 来自其他方向的反向散射信号。波束形成器焦点位置为 扫描以生成作为位置函数的散射信号能量图。 自适应检测方法根据预期形成测试统计量 如果病变实际上位于 候选地点。两种技术都将结合频率相关的 传播和散射效应并以最佳方式区分伪影 和噪音。将得出解剖学上真实的数字乳房模型 来自常规高分辨率 3-D MRI 乳腺扫描。原型仪器 将由商业矢量网络分析仪和 重新定位以创建合成阵列的超宽带天线。这 物理乳房模型将由异质实体组织模拟物组成 塑造成自然扁平的乳房形状。离体成像 实验将在六种不同患者的组织样本上进行 通过缩小手术获得。提议的超宽带 STMI 方法 提供无痛非电离乳腺癌筛查的潜力 能够降低误报率和误报率的技术 与传统 X 射线乳房 X 线摄影相关，尤其是具有挑战性的 涉及放射学致密乳房或胸壁附近肿瘤的病例，或 靠近腋窝。