Speciation Genomics in an Obligate Fig Pollination Mutualism

无花果专性授粉互利关系中的物种基因组学

• 批准号: 2432310
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Harper Adams University
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2020 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2432310
• 关键词: Speciation; Genomics; Obligate; Fig; Pollination

One of the best examples of co-diversification is that of figs (Ficus, Moraceae) and fig wasp pollinators (Agaonidae). Wasps act as pollen vectors for figs while the figs consist of the main food source & shelter for the wasp larvae. Using existing genomic data & field experiments, the current project will address: i) the genomics of speciation in figs & pollinators and ii) the ecological & evolutionary determinants of host specificity. Hypothesis 1: admixture occurs among members of a recently diverged species complex in line with predictions from morphological compatibility:Study organisms: fig complex of the Papuasyce section (F. microdictya, F. umbrae, F. itoana)Methods: analysis of RAD-seq data & draft (10X) genomes already collected & additional samplingAim: estimate the extent of geneflow & introgression among species; establish the functionality of genomic regions of high divergenceHypothesis 2a: Wolbachia infections are predictably distributed among individual fig wasps when considering wasp phylogeny and morphology:Study organisms: wasp pollinators & their symbiotic bacteria, WolbachiaMethods: screen wasp samples already available for Wolbachia infections; measure morphology of critical wasp traitsAim: clarify the importance of Wolbachia infections in the speciation of fig wasps and by extent, figsHypothesis 2b: Wolbachia infections are predictably distributed among the phylogeny of wasps within a completely sampled genus Study organisms: Malvanthera figs & their pollinators (Pleistodontes)Methods: analysis of Wolbachia strain distribution across PleistodontesAim: clarifying the patterns of Wolbachia infections across an entire wasp genusHypothesis 3: fig wasps show high levels of local adaptationStudy organisms: Papuasyce figs & corresponding wasp pollinatorsMethods: thermal tolerance & dispersal abilities experiments; host specificity/pollinator exchange experimentsAim: establish the degree of wasp local adaptation to abiotic environment & host plant

共同多样化的最佳例子之一是无花果（榕属、桑科）和无花果黄蜂授粉者（Agaonidae）。黄蜂充当无花果的花粉载体，而无花果则是黄蜂幼虫的主要食物来源和住所。利用现有的基因组数据和现场实验，当前项目将解决：i）无花果和传粉媒介物种形成的基因组学，以及 ii）宿主特异性的生态和进化决定因素。假设 1：最近分化的物种复合体的成员之间发生混合，符合形态相容性的预测：研究生物：Papuasyce 部分的无花果复合体（F. microdictya、F. umbrae、F. itoana）方法：RAD-seq 分析已收集的数据和草稿（10X）基因组和额外采样目的：估计物种间基因流和基因渗入的程度；建立高分化基因组区域的功能假设 2a：当考虑黄蜂系统发育和形态时，沃尔巴克氏体感染可预测地分布在个体无花果黄蜂中：研究生物：黄蜂传粉者及其共生细菌，沃尔巴克氏体方法：筛选已可用于沃尔巴克氏体感染的黄蜂样本；测量关键黄蜂性状的形态学目的：阐明沃尔巴克氏体感染在无花果黄蜂物种形成中的重要性，并在一定程度上，无花果假设 2b：沃尔巴克氏体感染可预测地分布在完全采样的属内黄蜂的系统发育中研究生物：锦葵属无花果及其传粉者（ Pleistodontes）方法：分析 Wolbachia 菌株在 Pleistodontes 中的分布目的：阐明整个黄蜂属的沃尔巴克氏体感染假设 3：无花果黄蜂表现出高水平的局部适应研究生物：无花果无花果和相应的黄蜂传粉媒介方法：耐热性和传播能力实验；寄主特异性/传粉媒介交换实验目的：确定黄蜂对非生物环境和寄主植物的局部适应程度