Ecological Analysis of Physical Activity

身体活动的生态分析

• 批准号: 6784057
• 负责人: JAMES F. SALLIS
• 金额: $ 51.99万
• 依托单位: SAN DIEGO STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-09-01 至 2007-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6784057
• 关键词: atmosphere /weather; behavioral /social science research tag; body physical activity; clinical research; community planning; depression; environment; gait; gender difference; geographic difference; geographic site; health behavior; human subject; lifestyle; satisfaction; seasons; social behavior; socioeconomics; socioenvironment; travel; urban area

Sedentary lifestyles are a significant public health concern, accounting for over 200,000 deaths each year in the U.S. Over 60 percent of adults do not meet minimal health recommendations for physical activity, so it is imperative to better understand the factors that explain physical activity. Psychosocial variables account for no more than 30-40 percent of the variance in physical activity. Macro-environmental variables may have large influences on daily physical activity of most Americans, but environmental variables are rarely included in physical activity studies. Research in the transportation field shows that land use (urban design) variables are related to walking for transportation, but the impact on total physical activity is not known. Community environments appear to stimulate walking when there is high residential density, more mixed use of land (residential and commercial), greater connectedness of streets, and a better infrastructure for walking (sidewalks). U.S. cities are among the lowest in the world on these "walkability" variables as well as walking for transportation. We hypothesize that people living in the most "walkable" communities that are high on an index of these variables do more total and moderate intensity physical activity than those who live in communities low on the index. The proposed study is the first to examine objectively measured macro-environmental variables and their relation to objectively measured levels of physical activity. The study will be conducted in two regions of the U.S. (Portland, OR and Boston, MA). A sample of 2,400 adults (75 subjects X 32 census tracts), aged 20 to 65 years and balanced by gender, will be randomly selected from 16 "high-walkable" and 16 "low-walkable" census tracts, matched on socioeconomic status. The land use variables will be measured objectively using existing Geographic Information System (GIS) databases. Physical activity will be assessed via accelerometers in two different seasons. Commonly studied psychosocial correlates of physical activity as well as perceived environment variables will be concurrently evaluated. The investigators have extensive experience studying physical activity in populations, using objective physical activity measures, using GIS methodology, and analyzing complex data sets that involve clustering. This innovative study will use methodologies from health and transportation research traditions to broaden understanding of potential influences on total and moderate intensity physical activity to include pervasive macro- environmental variables. Results will inform public health, land use, and transportation policies that could have population-wide impacts on physical activity.

久坐的生活方式是一个重要的公共卫生问题，在美国每年导致超过 200,000 人死亡。超过 60% 的成年人没有达到身体活动的最低健康建议，因此必须更好地了解解释身体活动的因素。心理社会变量对体力活动差异的影响不超过 30-40%。 宏观环境变量可能对大多数美国人的日常身体活动有很大影响，但环境变量很少被纳入身体活动研究中。 交通领域的研究表明，土地利用（城市设计）变量与步行交通有关，但对总体身体活动的影响尚不清楚。 当居住密度较高、土地使用更加混合（住宅和商业）、街道连通性更强以及步行基础设施（人行道）更好时，社区环境似乎会刺激步行。 在这些“步行适宜性”变量以及步行交通方面，美国城市属于世界上最低的城市之一。 我们假设生活在这些变量指数较高的最“适宜步行”社区的人们比生活在指数较低的社区的人们进行更多的总体和中等强度的体力活动。 拟议的研究是第一个检查客观测量的宏观环境变量及其与客观测量的身体活动水平的关系的研究。 该研究将在美国的两个地区（俄勒冈州波特兰和马萨诸塞州波士顿）进行。 将从 16 个“高步行性”和 16 个“低步行性”人口普查区中随机抽取 2,400 名年龄在 20 至 65 岁之间且按性别平衡的成年人样本（75 名受试者 X 32 个人口普查区），并根据社会经济地位进行匹配。 土地利用变量将利用现有的地理信息系统（GIS）数据库进行客观测量。 将通过加速度计评估两个不同季节的身体活动。 通常研究的身体活动的社会心理相关性以及感知的环境变量将同时进行评估。研究人员在研究人群身体活动、使用客观身体活动测量、使用 GIS 方法以及分析涉及聚类的复杂数据集方面拥有丰富的经验。 这项创新研究将利用健康和交通研究传统的方法来扩大对总体和中等强度身体活动的潜在影响的理解，包括普遍的宏观环境变量。 结果将为公共卫生、土地使用和交通政策提供信息，这些政策可能对全民的身体活动产生影响。

项目成果

Access to parks and physical activity: an eight country comparison.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.ufug.2017.08.010
• 发表时间: 2017-10
• 期刊: Urban forestry & urban greening
• 影响因子: 6.4
• 作者: Schipperijn J;Cerin E;Adams MA;Reis R;Smith G;Cain K;Christiansen LB;van Dyck D;Gidlow C;Frank LD;Mitáš J;Pratt M;Salvo D;Schofield G;Sallis JF
• 通讯作者: Sallis JF

Patterns of Walkability, Transit, and Recreation Environment for Physical Activity.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2015.05.024
• 发表时间: 2015-12
• 期刊: American journal of preventive medicine
• 影响因子: 5.5
• 作者: Adams MA;Todd M;Kurka J;Conway TL;Cain KL;Frank LD;Sallis JF
• 通讯作者: Sallis JF

Perceived neighbourhood environmental attributes associated with adults׳ recreational walking: IPEN Adult study in 12 countries.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2014.03.003
• 发表时间: 2014-07
• 期刊: Health & place
• 影响因子: 4.8
• 作者: Sugiyama T;Cerin E;Owen N;Oyeyemi AL;Conway TL;Van Dyck D;Schipperijn J;Macfarlane DJ;Salvo D;Reis RS;Mitáš J;Sarmiento OL;Davey R;Schofield G;Orzanco-Garralda R;Sallis JF
• 通讯作者: Sallis JF

International variation in neighborhood walkability, transit, and recreation environments using geographic information systems: the IPEN adult study.

• DOI: 10.1186/1476-072x-13-43
• 发表时间: 2014-10-25
• 期刊: International journal of health geographics
• 影响因子: 4.9
• 作者: Adams MA;Frank LD;Schipperijn J;Smith G;Chapman J;Christiansen LB;Coffee N;Salvo D;du Toit L;Dygrýn J;Hino AA;Lai PC;Mavoa S;Pinzón JD;Van de Weghe N;Cerin E;Davey R;Macfarlane D;Owen N;Sallis JF
• 通讯作者: Sallis JF

Physical Activity, Sedentary Time, and Diet as Mediators of the Association Between TV Time and BMI in Youth.

• DOI: 10.1177/0890117120984943
• 发表时间: 2021-06
• 期刊: American journal of health promotion : AJHP
• 作者: Bejarano CM;Carlson JA;Conway TL;Saelens BE;Glanz K;Couch SC;Cain KL;Sallis JF
• 通讯作者: Sallis JF