Cortical control of sequential motor behavior

顺序运动行为的皮层控制

• 批准号: 6619863
• 负责人: JAMES ASHE
• 金额: $ 21.86万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-08-24 至 2006-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6619863
• 关键词: Macaca mulatta; behavior test; body movement; cingulate gyrus; electrodes; electromyography; electronic recording system; eye movements; frontal lobe /cortex; motor cortex; neural information processing; neurons; neuroregulation; performance; psychomotor function; psychomotor reaction time; space perception; temporal lobe /cortex; training

Many of our skilled behaviors involve not single actions but sequences of movements. Lesion and imaging studies in humans, in addition to neural recording in sub human primates have demonstrated that the medial motor areas in the frontal cortex are particularly important for the generation of motor sequences. What is less clear is the exact relation between neural activity in the different areas and the spatial and temporal features of sequence performance. Our general thesis is that the more rostral motor areas code for global aspects of sequence production such as serial order or complete sequence specification. Whereas neurons in areas with direct access to motor output such as the SMA, caudal cingulate, and motor cortex reflect sequences by changes in their directional properties. (1) To determine the extent to which the directional properties of cells in the motor cortex reflect aspects of the performance of over-learned motor sequences. The hypothesis is that cells in the motor cortex show a dynamic re-organization of directional properties during sequence production. (2) To determine the relation between neural activity in the SMA and pre-SMA and the spatial and temporal aspects of over-learned sequences. The hypothesis is that global aspects of sequence production will be more commonly coded in pre-SMA, while neural activity in SMA will reflect an interaction between the directional properties of the neurons and sequence parameters. (3) To record the neural activity in the cingulate motor areas during the performance of over-learned sequences. The hypothesis is that cingulate motor areas are an integral component of the cortical system for sequence control. The methods used will be those of standard multi-electrode recording in the target cortical areas of highly trained rhesus monkeys with appropriate instrumentation for behavioral control and monitoring. Our experimental approach differs from other attempts to examine the neural correlates of sequences in several important respects: we will use behavioral tasks which exploit the spatial dimension inherent in sequence performance and we place particular emphasis on changes in the spatial properties of the recorded neurons.

我们的许多熟练行为涉及的不是单一动作，而是一系列动作。 除了亚人灵长类动物的神经记录之外，人类的病变和成像研究表明，额叶皮层的内侧运动区对于运动序列的生成特别重要。 不太清楚的是不同区域的神经活动与序列表现的空间和时间特征之间的确切关系。 我们的一般论点是，更多的吻端运动区域编码序列产生的全局方面，例如序列顺序或完整的序列规范。 而直接接触运动输出的区域（例如 SMA、尾扣带皮层和运动皮层）中的神经元则通过其方向特性的变化来反映序列。 (1) 确定运动皮层细胞的方向特性在多大程度上反映了过度学习的运动序列的性能。 假设运动皮层中的细胞在序列产生过程中表现出方向特性的动态重组。 (2) 确定 SMA 和前 SMA 中的神经活动与过度学习序列的空间和时间方面之间的关系。 假设序列产生的全局方面将更常见地在前 SMA 中编码，而 SMA 中的神经活动将反映神经元的方向特性和序列参数之间的相互作用。 (3) 记录执行过度学习序列期间扣带回运动区的神经活动。 假设扣带运动区域是序列控制皮质系统的一个组成部分。 所使用的方法将是在训练有素的恒河猴的目标皮层区域中使用标准多电极记录的方法，并配备适当的仪器进行行为控制和监测。 我们的实验方法在几个重要方面不同于其他检查序列的神经相关性的尝试：我们将使用利用序列性能固有的空间维度的行为任务，并且我们特别强调记录的神经元的空间属性的变化。