The Neural Basis of Instrumental Action

工具性行动的神经基础

• 批准号: 6745634
• 负责人: BERNARD W BALLEINE
• 金额: $ 19.24万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-01-15 至 2008-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6745634
• 关键词: auditory stimulus; basal ganglia; behavior test; behavioral /social science research tag; craving; cues; dietary restriction; goal oriented behavior; laboratory rat; learning; memory; neuropsychology; nucleus accumbens; nutrition related tag; operant conditionings; performance; prefrontal lobe /cortex

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The organization of goal-directed action is influenced significantly by the agent's ability to inhibit or gate responses to sensory, motor and cognitive information. Deficits in these central inhibitory mechanisms are manifest in a number of neuropsychiatric syndromes characterized by disorders of 'voluntary' movement, e.g. Parkinson's disease, and intrusive involuntary movement, e.g. Tourette's syndrome and Huntingdon's disease. These cases make it clear that the capacity for goal-directed action is highly adaptive, indeed it is this capacity that allows us and other animals to control the environment in the service of our needs and desires. Nevertheless, although research into the physiological systems that subserve learning processes in humans and other animals has been of ongoing concern to the neuroscience research community, the neural basis of instrumental action is very poorly understood. The broad, long term objective of the current project is, therefore, to understand the neural mechanisms that control the learning and performance of goal directed or instrumental actions. Over the last decade striking advances have been achieved in our understanding of the behavioral determinants of instrumental conditioning in animals. Specifically, instrumental performance has been found to reflect the integration of (i) representations of the relations between an action and its consequences; with (ii) representations of the incentive value of those consequences. Powerful behavioral procedures will be used to focus on the role of cortico-striatal interactions and feedback to cortex via pallidal and limbic structures in processes involved in the representation of the relation between an action and its consequences. In other experiments, the role of parallel interactions between insular cortex and basal forebrain structures in the representation of the incentive or 'goal' value of the instrumental outcome will be assessed.

描述（由申请人提供）：目标指导的动作的组织受代理抑制或对感觉，运动和认知信息的响应的能力的显着影响。这些中心抑制机制中的缺陷表现出来的许多神经精神综合征，这些综合症的特征是“自愿”运动的疾病，例如帕金森氏病和侵入性的非自愿运动，例如图雷特综合症和亨廷顿氏病。这些案例清楚地表明，目标指导行动的能力具有很高的适应性，实际上，这种能力使我们和其他动物可以控制我们的需求和欲望。然而，尽管对人类和其他动物学习过程的生理系统的研究一直在神经科学研究界一直关注，但是对工具行动的神经基础的理解很众所周知。 因此，当前项目的广泛长期目标是了解控制目标或工具行动的学习和绩效的神经机制。在过去的十年中，我们对动物工具条件的行为决定因素的理解取得了惊人的进步。具体而言，已经发现工具性能反映了（i）行动之间关系及其后果之间关系的整合； （ii）这些后果的激励价值表示。 强大的行为程序将用于关注皮质 - 纹状体相互作用的作用以及通过苍白和边缘结构反馈对皮层的反馈，这些过程与作用及其后果之间关系的过程中所涉及的过程中的作用。在其他实验中，将评估岛状皮质与基础前脑结构之间平行相互作用在仪器结果的激励或“目标”值表示中的作用。