Socioecological Impacts on Schistosomiasis Risk in Kenya

社会生态学对肯尼亚血吸虫病风险的影响

• 批准号: 6813840
• 负责人: MARK L WILSON
• 金额: $ 7.78万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-08-15 至 2006-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6813840
• 关键词: Africa; Schistosoma; clinical research; disease /disorder proneness /risk; ecology; epidemiology; geographic site; host organism interaction; human subject; parasitism; questionnaires; schistosomiasis; socioeconomics; statistics /biometry; water microbiology; water sampling /testing; zoonosis

DESCRIPTION (provided by investigator) Schistosomiasis affects roughly 200 million people worldwide, with at least 600 million being at risk. Although the biology of transmission is reasonably well understood, disease persists. Various social and economic factors are believed to influence environmental exposure, but few studies have carefully examined these variables as they affect infection in highly endemic regions. Those that have are mostly cross-sectional surveys that have limited ability to analyze these factors and relate them to time-space pattems of infection. We propose a prospective, case-control study designed to establish associations between socioeconomic factors and infection, determine whether socioeconomic factors contribute to re-infection risk, assess household-level spatial patterns of schistosomiasis as related to socioeconomic and ecologic risk factors, and calculate economic impacts of infection on households in Mbuani village, Coast Province, Kenya. Three aims involve a) determining how household-level socioeconomic factors influence host-environment interactions and hence contribute to individual infection and re-infection risk, b) evaluating whether different activity pattems in various land-cover environments are associated with schistosomiasis infection, and c) assessing the micro-economic impact of schistosomiasis infection among village residents. We will test consenting people for infection (treating those who are positive), ask questions about their activities and use of the local environment, and take ground and satellite-based data on the environment that will be analyzed by standard multivariate methods and spatial statistics. Our long-term goal is to produce information that can be used to direct control initiatives that will be effectively tailored to local socioeconomic and environmental dynamics.

描述（由研究者提供） 血吸虫病影响着全世界大约 2 亿人，其中至少 6 亿人处于危险之中。尽管传播的生物学原理已被相当充分地了解，但疾病仍然存在。人们认为各种社会和经济因素会影响环境暴露，但很少有研究仔细研究这些变量，因为它们会影响高流行地区的感染。那些大多是横断面调查，分析这些因素并将其与感染的时空模式联系起来的能力有限。 我们提出了一项前瞻性病例对照研究，旨在建立社会经济因素与感染之间的关联，确定社会经济因素是否会导致再次感染风险，评估与社会经济和生态风险因素相关的家庭水平血吸虫病空间模式，并计算经济感染对肯尼亚海岸省姆布阿尼村家庭的影响。三个目标涉及 a) 确定家庭层面的社会经济因素如何影响宿主与环境的相互作用，从而导致个人感染和再次感染风险，b) 评估不同土地覆盖环境中的不同活动模式是否与血吸虫病感染相关，以及 c ）评估血吸虫病感染对村庄居民的微观经济影响。我们将对同意的人进行感染检测（对阳性者进行治疗），询问他们的活动和对当地环境的使用情况，并获取有关环境的地面和卫星数据，并通过标准多变量方法和空间统计进行分析。我们的长期目标是提供可用于指导控制举措的信息，这些举措将有效地适应当地社会经济和环境动态。