NEUROINFORMATICS AND EYE-HAND COORDINATION

神经信息学和眼手协调

• 批准号: 6625699
• 负责人: ESTHER P. GARDNER
• 金额: $ 40.1万
• 依托单位: NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-05-15 至 2006-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6625699
• 关键词: Internet; Primates; biomechanics; digital imaging; electrophysiology; eye; hand; informatics; information dissemination; interactive multimedia; neurophysiology; neurosciences; parietal lobe /cortex; sensorimotor system; technology /technique development; touch; video recording system; vision; visual tracking

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This project integrates neurophysiological research into the visual and somatosensory mechanisms that govern planning of skilled motor behaviors of the hand with development and distribution of neuroinformatics tools useful for data visualization, analysis and manipulation required for such studies. Aim 1 establishes a Neuroinformatics Resource to distribute integrated tools enabling quantitative analyses of spike trains obtained with digital video (DV), and their correlation to the kinematics of hand actions. Interactive tools will be provided over the Internet for 1) spike recognition and separation, 2) event- linked rasters and PSTHs, 3) continuous firing rate graphs, and 4) metrics of spike synchrony. An international network of neuroscientists studying primate hand function will evaluate the tools, and provide research synergies from diverse studies of hand function. The tools are used in Aims 2 and 3 to assess the contribution of visual and haptic information about object size, shape and location in motor planning of acquisition and manipulation by the hand. Spike trains recorded in posterior parietal cortex (PPC) from single neurons, and from neuronal assemblies studied with multielectrode arrays, are synchronized to simultaneously acquired images of hand kinematics with DV. We postulate that skilled hand behaviors require the registration and coordination of an external map that locates an object's spatial coordinates and encodes its intrinsic geometry, and an internal map of the body's own image that represents the hand posture and dynamics. Protocols comparing shape and location-dependent cues distinguish intention-related activity planning grasping behaviors, from sensory responses to views of objects and hand-object interactions during performance of a trained grasp-and-lift task. Aim 2 analyzes firing patterns obtained when objects can be viewed, and when an opaque barrier, requiring the use of memory, blocks vision and haptic cues for object acquisition and manipulation. Aim 3 measures the integration of vision and touch during tool use when grasped objects are inserted into matching slots to illuminate a target. These experiments test hypotheses that synchronization and/or coherence of firing between PPC regions dominated by vision and touch enable a match-to-sample mode of sensorimotor control and error correction that enables efficient, adaptive behaviors. This research has important clinical implications for understanding dysmetrias, optic ataxias, grasp abnormalities and neglect syndromes resulting from neurological damage to PPC, and provides basic insights into mechanisms of visuomotor control of the hand that may prove useful for rehabilitation after stroke or injury.

描述（申请人提供）：此项目集成 对视觉和体感机制的神经生理研究 通过开发和 神经信息学工具的分布可用于数据可视化，分析 和此类研究所需的操作。 AIM 1建立一个 神经信息学资源分发集成工具可实现定量 通过数字视频（DV）获得的尖峰火车的分析及其 与手动动作的运动学相关。交互式工具将是 通过互联网提供1）尖峰识别和分离，2）事件 - 链接的栅格和PSTH，3）连续的射击率图，以及4） 尖峰同步。研究灵长类动物的国际神经科学家网络 手功能将评估工具，并提供研究协同作用 手部功能的多种研究。这些工具用于目标2和3用于评估 有关对象大小，形状和的视觉和触觉信息的贡献 手机收购和操纵的运动计划中的位置。长钉 在单个神经元的后顶皮层（PPC）中记录的火车， 来自用多电极阵列研究的神经元组件，被同步 同时获得使用DV的手动运动学图像。我们假设 熟练的手行为需要注册和协调 位置对象的空间坐标并编码其的外部地图 固有的几何形状，以及人体自身图像的内部图 代表手姿势和动态。比较形状和 与位置有关的提示区分与意向相关的活动计划 从感觉响应到对象的视图和手动对象 在训练有素的掌握任务执行过程中的互动。目标2 分析可以查看对象时获得的触发模式，以及 不透明的屏障，需要使用内存，阻止视力和触觉提示 对象获取和操纵。 AIM 3测量视觉的整合 并在使用握把的对象插入匹配时触摸工具使用中的触摸 插槽以照亮目标。这些实验检验了假设 PPC区域之间发射的同步和/或连贯性 视觉和触摸启用了感觉运动控制的匹配样本模式和 误差校正可以实现有效的自适应行为。这项研究有 理解畸形性障碍，视性行为的重要临床意义， 神经损害引起的掌握异常和忽视综合征 到PPC，并提供了对视觉控制机制的基本见解 可能证明对中风或受伤后康复有用的手。