Optic Flow and Spatial Navigation in Parkinson's Disease

帕金森病的光流和空间导航

• 批准号: 6618615
• 负责人: Alice Cronin-Golomb
• 金额: $ 18.78万
• 依托单位: BOSTON UNIVERSITY (CHARLES RIVER CAMPUS)
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-05-15 至 2005-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6618615
• 关键词: Parkinson's disease; age difference; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; cognition disorders; functional ability; gait; human old age (65+); human subject; longitudinal human study; medical complication; neural information processing; orientation; posture; questionnaires; sensorimotor system; space perception; vision tests; visual perception; young adult human (21-34)

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common age-related neurodegenerative disorder in which multiple aspects of visuospatial cognitive function are impaired, including spatial navigation. Deficits in spatial navigation arise from pathological changes in high-order association areas of the brain but also from defective input from lower-level visual processing areas, including those that mediate optic flow. Optic flow refers to the radial visual patterns that indicate a person's direction of self-movement and maintain gait and postural integrity. The status of optic flow perception in PD is unknown, as is its relation to PD deficits in spatial navigation, such as the inability to maintain a straight path while walking. We propose to examine optic flow perception in PD and its relation to spatial navigation. A critical focus is on the side of onset of motor impairment, contralateral to the hemisphere with predominant basal ganglia dysfunction. PD usually has unilateral onset, and many visuospatial abnormalities arise from right-hemisphere dysfunction. Our preliminary studies suggest that PD patients with left motor onset experience spatial compression of the left visual hemifield, which affects their ability to understand spatial relations and to use spatial information for navigation. We predict that deficits in optic flow perception underlie this perceived spatial compression. Specifically, hemifield differences in optic flow velocities lead patients to misperceive a straight path as curved toward the compressed side of space, and they "correct" their trajectory by walking a curved path. We propose to investigate optic flow and spatial navigation in 18 patients with left-onset PD, 18 with right-onset PD, 18 healthy elderly adults, and 18 healthy young adult adults. Our specific aims are: (1) To manipulate the speed of optic flow in the two visual hemifields and measure each participant's perception of relative speed, which is associated with perceived direction of self-motion. (2) To relate optic flow to spatial navigation. We will use a head-mounted system that provides virtual visual input and records the orientation and spatial position of the participant while walking through veridical space. (3) To relate optic flow and spatial navigation to daily function, as assessed with questionnaires. Our project is conceptually innovative in proposing optic flow deficiencies as a cause of problems of spatial navigation in PD and will generate pilot data in this potentially important area. We have forged novel collaborations between experts in visual psychophysics, behavioral neuroscience, biomedical engineering, and physical therapy to accomplish the goals of this project.

描述（由申请人提供）：帕金森氏病（PD）是一种常见的与年龄相关的神经退行性疾病，其中视觉空间认知功能的多个方面受损，包括空间导航。空间导航的缺陷来自大脑高阶区域的病理变化，也是由于低级视觉处理区域的缺陷输入（包括介导视觉流动的）的缺陷。视频流是指径向视觉模式，这些视觉模式表明一个人的自动移动方向并保持步态和姿势完整性。 PD中视流感知的状态尚不清楚，与空间导航中的PD缺陷有关，例如行走时无法保持直路。我们建议检查PD中的视觉感知及其与空间导航的关系。一个关键的重点是运动障碍的发作侧，与半球相反，基底神经节功能障碍。 PD通常具有单方面发作，许多视觉空间异常来自右半球功能障碍。我们的初步研究表明，左运动发作的PD患者对左视觉半场进行空间压缩，这会影响他们了解空间关系并使用空间信息进行导航的能力。我们预测，视觉感知的缺陷是这种感知的空间压缩的基础。具体而言，视觉速度的半场差异会导致患者误解直径的路径，因为弯曲到空间的压缩侧，他们通过行走弯曲的路径“纠正”其轨迹。我们建议在18例左发PD患者，18例PD，18名健康的老年人和18名健康的年轻成年成年人中研究视频流和空间导航。我们的具体目的是：（1）操纵两个视觉半场中的视流速度并测量每个参与者对相对速度的感知，这与自我运动的感知方向相关。 （2）将视觉流与空间导航相关联。我们将使用一个头部安装的系统，该系统提供虚拟的视觉输入，并在步行穿越垂直空间时记录参与者的方向和空间位置。 （3）通过问卷进行评估，将视觉流和空间导航与每日功能相关联。我们的项目在概念上是创新的，在提出视觉流缺陷是PD空间导航问题的原因，并将在这个潜在的重要领域中生成试验数据。我们已经在视觉心理物理学，行为神经科学，生物医学工程和物理疗法方面建立了新颖的合作，以实现该项目的目标。