Susceptibility and occupational radiation risks

敏感性和职业辐射风险

• 批准号: 6593236
• 负责人: DAVID B RICHARDSON
• 金额: $ 24.99万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-09-30 至 2005-09-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6593236
• 关键词: asbestos; cancer risk; clinical research; environmental exposure; human data; human mortality; hydrazines; industry; neutron radiation; occupational disease /disorder; occupational hazard; plutonium; radiation carcinogenesis; radiation hazard; radiation related neoplasm /cancer; radiological health; tritium; whole body irradiation dosage

DESCRIPTION: Epidemiological studies of US nuclear weapons workers allow evaluation of the effects of low dose, low dose rate radiation exposures accrued in an environment of mixed radiological and non-radiological exposures associated with the USDOE weapons complex. In the proposed study, we will examine a cohort of nearly 22,000 badge-monitored workers at the Savannah River Site (SRS) who will be followed over a fifty-year period. Past research on this epidemiologically important population has focused on analyses of standardized mortality ratios. The proposed study, in contrast, will focus on radiation-mortality associations in this cohort while investigating potential sources of bias and effect modification. We will examine radiation-mortality associations under varying lag assumptions, and investigate potential changes with age-at-exposure in susceptibility to the carcinogenic effects of radiation. Next, we will investigate differences between workers in the carcinogenic effects of radiation exposure due to non-radiological exposures accrued at SRS. Mechanistic models of carcinogenesis suggest that initiating exposure to some non-radiological carcinogens may modify the effects of subsequent ionizing radiation exposures. We will use a job-exposure matrix to identify workers with routine potential for exposure to several non-radiological agents, and apply innovative methods to examine the joint effects of radiological and non-radiological exposures. Finally, we will examine the role of tritium and neutron exposures in these analyses of radiation-mortality associations. We will investigate whether variation in radiation risk estimates between subgroups of workers reflects heterogeneity in radiological exposures. Study results for this large USDOE cohort will be evaluated in relation to observations from studies of other DOE facilities; and, study data will be compiled in a manner that will facilitate future pooled analyses. In this way, the proposed work will substantially strengthen the available epidemiological information about low level radiation effects in USDOE cohorts.

描述： 美国核武器工人的流行病学研究允许评估低剂量，低剂量辐射暴露的影响，在与USDOE武器综合体相关的混合放射学和非放射学暴露环境中产生的。 在拟议的研究中，我们将在萨凡纳河（SRS）（SRS）中检查近22,000名受徽章监护人的工人组成的队列，他们将在五十年的时间内进行。 过去的研究 流行病学上重要的人群集中于标准化死亡率的分析。 相比之下，拟议的研究将集中在该队列中的辐射寿命关联上，同时研究潜在的偏见和效应修饰来源。 我们将检查 在不同的滞后假设下进行的辐射年道形关联，并在暴露年龄的情况下研究了对辐射的致癌作用的敏感性的潜在变化。 接下来，我们将研究工人之间由于SRS的非放射学暴露而导致的辐射暴露的致癌作用差异。 癌变的机理模型表明，开始接触某些非放射性致癌物可能会改变随后的电离辐射暴露的影响。 我们将使用一个工作曝光矩阵来识别具有常规暴露于几种非放射药物的工人，并采用创新方法来检查放射学和非放射学暴露的关节作用。 最后，我们将研究triatium和中子暴露的作用，在这些辐射层性关联分析中。 我们将调查辐射风险估计的变化是否 工人的亚组反映了放射学暴露中的异质性。 该大型USDOE队列的研究结果将根据其他DOE设施的研究进行评估；并且，研究数据将以促进未来的汇总分析的方式进行编译。 通过这种方式，拟议的工作将大大加强有关USDOE队列中低水平辐射效应的可用流行病学信息。