Effect of climate on internal erosion in embankment dams and flood defences

气候对堤坝和防洪设施内部侵蚀的影响

• 批准号: 2030473
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Glasgow
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2018 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2030473
• 关键词: Effect; climate; internal; erosion; embankment

Internal erosion occurs where soils are eroded from within geotechnical structures such as embankment dams and levees by water seepage. It is one of the two most common causes of failure in dams and levees, both worldwide and in the UK. Wetter winters will lead to dramatic increases in peak river flows and the increased risk of summer drought followed by convective storms will increase the occurrence of flash floods, meaning that dams and levees will be subject to greater hydraulic loads. The soil from which they are constructed will also be subject to greater wetting and drying cycles related to increased evaporation and rainfall. The effect of this cycling on soil erosion resistance is unknown. This research will be the first to study how such climate processes affect internal erosion. The results will be placed within an unsaturated soil mechanics framework to allow a deep understanding of the effect of climate change, and the specific mechanisms which drive these effects. The data will be used to create a science-based predictive model about how these soils may deteriorate when subjected to climatic cycles. The hypotheses for experimental investigation is:- Climate induced wetting and drying cycles will cause deterioration leading to a reduction in the erosion resistance of embankment fill materials. The affected infrastructure will include UK embankment dams and levees. Such cycles have always occurred but their severity is likely to increase due to climate change. The specific Objectives for the project are:1) Construct and commission a state of the art hole erosion testing device (HET). The HET is an experimental technique to determine the erosion resistance of embankment soils and is the most widely used research tool for this purpose. Results of tests on model soils will be benchmarked against other groups' published results. 2) Subject fills to wetting and drying paths to mimic those in real embankments. Both real embankment fills and laboratory soils with similar characteristics to susceptible materials from UK dams will be tested. The method should be repeatable and create samples which are homogeneous in terms of density and water content. 3) Carry out a series of HET tests to obtain high quality data describing the erosion resistance of soils which are: (i) as compacted and (ii) subjected to wetting / drying paths following compaction. 4) Create a predictive model of how the erosion resistance of embankment materials is likely to change over their lifetime. This will link measurable soil properties to the change in erosion resistance from the as-compacted state.

内部侵蚀发生在岩土结构内（例如路堤大坝和水堤防）中侵蚀土壤的内部侵蚀。这是全球和英国的大坝和堤坝中最常见的两个最常见原因之一。潮湿的冬季将导致河流流量的急剧增加，夏季干旱随后发生对流风暴的风险增加将增加山洪的发生，这意味着大坝和堤坝将承受更大的液压负荷。它们的构造土壤也将受到与蒸发和降雨增加有关的更大润湿和干燥周期。这种循环对土壤侵蚀性的影响尚不清楚。这项研究将是第一个研究这种气候过程如何影响内部侵蚀的研究。结果将放置在不饱和的土壤力学框架内，以深入了解气候变化的影响以及驱动这些影响的特定机制。数据将用于创建一个基于科学的预测模型，以了解这些土壤在气候周期时如何恶化。进行实验研究的假设是： - 气候诱导的润湿和干燥周期将导致恶化，从而导致路堤填充材料的侵蚀性降低。受影响的基础设施将包括英国路堤和堤坝。这样的周期总是发生的，但是由于气候变化，它们的严重程度可能会增加。该项目的具体目标是：1）构建和委托最先进的孔侵蚀测试设备（HET）的状态。 HET是一种实验技术，可确定堤防土壤的侵蚀性，并且是用于此目的的最广泛使用的研究工具。针对其他群体已发布的结果，将对模型土壤的测试结果进行基准测试。 2）受试者填充润湿和干燥路径，以模仿那些在实际路堤中。将测试与英国大坝易感材料相似的特征的实际路堤填充物和实验室土壤。该方法应是可重复的，并在密度和水含量方面创建样品。 3）进行一系列HET测试，以获取描述土壤的抗侵蚀性的高质量数据，这些土壤是：（i）压实和（ii）在压实后接受润湿 /干燥路径。 4）创建一个预测模型，以了解路堤材料在其一生中可能会改变的侵蚀性。这将将可测量的土壤特性与抗压状态的侵蚀性变化联系起来。