EFFICIENT CODING IN VISUAL CORTEX

视觉皮层的高效编码

• 批准号: 6530877
• 负责人: Bruno A. OLSHAUSEN
• 金额: $ 9.96万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-03-01 至 2004-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6530877
• 关键词: behavior prediction; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; computational neuroscience; discrimination learning; form /pattern perception; human subject; model design /development; neural information processing; psychological tests; psychophysics; visual cortex; visual feedback; visual perception

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from applicant's abstract): A major limitation to our understanding of visual cortical function is the lack of computational theories capable of making useful, testable predictions for what the cortex should be doing. The purpose of this study is to investigate what may be learned about information processing in visual cortex from efficient coding principles. Methods will be developed for representing the structure in images based on probabilistic inference, and these will be related to known neurobiological substrates in a detailed manner in order to make predictions about visual cortical function. Understanding how the cortex processes visual information is an important step in developing therapies for patients who have lost aspects of visual function due to cortical damage, as well as in the development of visual prostheses capable of providing appropriate cortical stimulation from artificial vision devices. The aspects of visual cortical function that the study aims to shed light on are the properties of feature selectivity, form-invariance, and the role of feedback connections in shaping neural response properties and in mediating visual perception. These issues will be addressed as part of five specific aims. The first is to develop a functional model of the horizontal connections in area V1 based on the statistical structure of natural images. This model will be related to the structure of long-range horizontal fibers in order to make predictions about the role of this form of feedback within V1. The second aim is to develop a model neural system capable of learning the structure of objects independent of variations in position, size, or other geometric transformations. The model will be used to help understand how form-invariance is established in cortical neurons. The third aim is to formulate a model of occlusion in images, which will be used to shed light on how figure-ground segregation could be performed by cortical mechanisms. The fourth aim is to develop a functional model of top-down cortical feedback based on a hierarchical image model. The existence of such a system that utilizes top-down feedback to solve practical problems in vision will help to elucidate a possible role for two-way information processing in the cortical hierarchy. The fifth aim is to test these models through psychophysical experiments. The results of these studies will lead to advances in our understanding of information processing in visual cortex, and possibly shed light on the nature of cortical information processing in general.

描述（根据申请人的摘要改编）：我们的主要限制 对视觉皮质功能的理解是缺乏计算 能够对皮质的有用的，可测试的预测的理论 应该做。 这项研究的目的是调查可能是什么 通过高效编码了解了视觉皮层中的信息处理 原则。 将开发用于表示结构的方法 基于概率推断的图像，这些图像将与已知 神经生物学基材以详细的方式进行预测 关于视觉皮质功能。 了解皮质如何处理 视觉信息是为患者开发疗法的重要一步 谁由于皮质损伤而失去了视觉功能的各个方面， 在开发能够提供适当的视觉假体 人造视觉设备的皮质刺激。 该研究旨在阐明视觉皮质功能的各个方面 是特征选择性，形式不变的特性，以及 塑造神经反应属性和介导的反馈连接 视觉感知。 这些问题将作为五个特定的五个特定问题解决 目标。 首先是开发水平的功能模型 基于自然图像的统计结构区域V1区域的连接。 该模型将与远程水平纤维的结构有关 为了预测这种反馈在内的作用 V1。 第二个目的是开发能够学习的模型神经系统 对象的结构，独立于位置，大小或 其他几何变换。 该模型将用于帮助理解 如何在皮质神经元中建立形式不变。 第三个目标是 制定图像中的遮挡模型，该模型将用于发光 关于如何通过皮质机制进行人物地面隔离。 第四个目标是开发自上而下的皮质功能模型 基于分层图像模型的反馈。 这样的存在 利用自上而下反馈来解决视觉上的实际问题的系统 将有助于阐明双向信息处理的可能作用 皮质层次结构。 第五目的是通过 心理物理实验。 这些研究的结果将导致 我们对视觉皮层中信息处理的理解的进步， 并可能阐明了皮层信息处理的性质 一般的。

项目成果

A graphical anatomical database of neural connectivity.

神经连接的图形解剖数据库。

• DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2001.0907
• 发表时间: 2001
• 期刊: Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences.
• 作者: Press,WA;Olshausen,BA;VanEssen,DC
• 通讯作者: VanEssen,DC