MEASURE OF RECEPTOR AND POST RECEPTOR ACTIVITY

受体和受体后活性的测量

• 批准号: 6518460
• 负责人: DONALD C. HOOD
• 金额: $ 28.53万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIV NEW YORK MORNINGSIDE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1991-05-01 至 2003-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6518460
• 关键词: amacrine cells; bioimaging /biomedical imaging; clinical research; cone cell; electroretinography; glaucoma; human subject; light adaptations; mathematical model; model design /development; noninvasive diagnosis; retina degeneration; retinal ganglion; rod cell; statistics /biometry; visual photoreceptor; visual phototransduction; visual stimulus

DESCRIPTION ( from the abstract ): The investigators' long-term objective has been to develop a set of noninvasive techniques for studying the physiology of the human retina. The electroretinogram (ERG), the summed activity of the retinal cells, is a noninvasive measure of retinal activity. The ERG has long been used for diagnosing and following the course of retinal diseases. By building upon discoveries made by the retinal physiologist, they have shown that the usefulness of the ERG can be extended. Their initial observation that the leading edge of the rod a-wave could be described by the same models fitted to single receptor recordings has led to numerous studies of normal and abnormal retinal activity in humans and in animal models of retinal diseases. As part of aim 1 (INNER RETINA, MF-ERG), they propose to examine the contribution of the inner retina, which includes amacrine and ganglion cells, to a local measure of retinal activity, the cone multifocal ERG. Glaucoma, one of the leading causes of blindness, affects these cells. Current behavioral and electrophysiological procedures for detecting early signs of retinal damage are less than optimal. The investigators believe that they have found a very promising approach to this problem. The approach includes studies involving: a. monkeys in which inner retinal activity is pharmacologically blocked, b. normal human subjects, c. patients with glaucoma, and d. mathematical and statistical work. During the current grant period, they have developed procedures for measuring the response of the human rod receptor and for studying rod on-bipolars. Aim 2 (UTILIZE TECHNIQUES DEVELOPED IN CURRENT GRANT PERIOD) is to study the activity of the normal and abnormal human rod on-bipolar with these techniques. Further, they will develop a technique for measuring the waveform of the cone photoreceptor response (that is, deactivation) and will use it to study light adaptation and retinal diseases of the cone system. A third aim (DEVELOP TECHNIQUES FOR ASSESSING INL ACTIVITY IN NL AND ABN RETINAS) is to develop techniques for assessing inner nuclear layer (INL) activity of normal and abnormal retinas. While knowledge of the rod ERG is approaching the point where a computational model may be feasible, in comparison, less in known about the contributions of the bipolar cells to the human cone ERG. Here the investigators attack this problem with studies involving: a. monkeys in which INL activity is pharmacologically dissected, b. normal human subjects, c. patients with disease of the INL, and d. mathematical work.

描述（来自摘要）：研究人员的长期目标是开发一组无创技术来研究人类视网膜的生理学。视网膜细胞的求和活性是视网膜活性的无创度量。长期以来，ERG一直用于诊断和遵循视网膜疾病的过程。通过基于视网膜生理学家的发现，他们表明可以扩展ERG的有用性。他们最初的观察结果是，可以通过适合单个受体记录的相同模型来描述杆A波的前缘，这导致了对人类和视网膜疾病动物模型中视网膜正常和异常视网膜活性的大量研究。 作为AIM 1（内部视网膜，MF-erg）的一部分，他们建议检查内部视网膜的贡献（包括amacrine and Ganglion细胞）对视网膜活性的局部量度，即锥体多灶性ERG。青光眼是失明的主要原因之一，会影响这些细胞。目前用于检测视网膜损伤早期迹象的当前行为和电生理程序不足以最佳。调查人员认为，他们发现了解决这个问题的一种非常有前途的方法。该方法包括涉及的研究： 内部视网膜活性在药理上阻塞的猴子，b。正常的人类受试者c。青光眼患者和d。数学和统计工作。在当前赠款期间，他们开发了测量人杆受体反应和研究杆上的响应的程序。 AIM 2（利用当前赠款时期开发的技术）是通过这些技术研究正常和异常人杆的活性。此外，他们将开发一种用于测量锥形光感受器反应波形的技术（即停用），并将使用它来研究锥体系统的光适应性和视网膜疾病。第三个目标（用于评估NL和ABN视网膜中INL活性的发展技术）是开发用于评估正常视网膜和异常视网膜内部核层（INL）活性的技术。相比之下，对杆ERG的知识正在接近可能可行的计算模型，但对双极细胞对人锥体的贡献的了解较少。在这里，调查人员在涉及的研究中攻击了这个问题： INL活性是药理解剖的猴子，b。正常的人类受试者c。 患有INL疾病的患者，d。数学工作。