STUDIES ON CHILDREN WITH EARLY FOCAL BRAIN INJURY

早期局灶性脑损伤儿童的研究

• 批准号: 6618952
• 负责人: ELIZABETH A BATES
• 金额: $ 13.47万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-08-01 至 2003-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6618952
• 关键词: Downs syndrome; Williams syndrome; adolescence (12-20); age difference; attention; behavioral /social science research tag; brain injury; brain interhemispheric activity; child psychology; developmental neurobiology; disease /disorder onset; evoked potentials; functional magnetic resonance imaging; human subject; language development; language disorders; middle childhood (6-11); neural information processing; neural plasticity; neuroanatomy; neuropsychological tests; neuropsychology; patient oriented research; psychometrics; space perception; time perception

Over the past 15 years, we have made significant progress in the study lf language and affective development in children with congenital injuries to one side of the brain (FL). In each behavioral , we have covered evidence of initial deficits, and specific effects of lesion side and site, but these initial deficits are followed by substantial recovery and development, providing strong evidence for behavioral and neural plasticity in this population. Furthermore, we have shown that trajectories of deficit and recovery differ across domains. In language, lesion- symptom correlations exist in the first years of life, but they do not resemble the patterns observed in adults; by 5-7 years of age, specific effects of lesion side and site seem to have disappeared altogether. In spatial cognition, lesion-symptom correlations persist across childhood and adolescence, albeit in a mild form, and continue to resemble the correlations observed in adults. These results are compatible with a large literature on plasticity and reorganization in animals, supporting the view that brain development is a dynamic, responsive and self-organizing system. But they also offer a unique perspective on plasticity and brain organization in humans. We are now well-positioned to take a historic new steps, with convergent use of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), event-related brain potentials(ERP), combined with analogous "on-line" (timed" behavioral studies of language, spatial cognition and spatial attention. These convergent methods will yield unprecedented information about the "alternative brain plans" that have emerged across the course of development in children with FL. E will also continue to chart language and cognitive development into adolescence, using benchmark "off-line" (untimed" measures of language (including aspects of discourse that re critical to success in school and work), visual-spatial cognition, memory and executive function. On all measures, results for children with FL will be compared systematically to findings for children in other populations, including Specific Language Impairment, Williams Syndrome, Down Syndrome, and new project studying other forms of FL.

15年来，我们的研究取得了重大进展 先天性损伤儿童的语言和情感发展 到大脑的一侧（FL）。在每个行为中，我们都涵盖了 初始缺陷的证据以及病变侧面和部位的具体影响，但是 这些最初的赤字随后出现大幅复苏 发展，为行为和神经提供有力的证据 这个群体的可塑性。此外，我们还证明了轨迹 不同领域的赤字和复苏程度不同。在语言中，病变—— 症状相关性存在于生命的最初几年，但并不存在 类似于在成人中观察到的模式； 5-7岁，具体 病变侧面和部位的影响似乎完全消失了。在 空间认知、病变-症状相关性在整个童年时期持续存在 和青春期，尽管形式温和，并且继续类似于 在成人中观察到的相关性。这些结果与大 有关动物可塑性和重组的文献支持了这一观点 大脑的发育是动态的、反应灵敏的和自组织的 系统。但他们也提供了关于可塑性和大脑的独特视角 人类的组织。我们现在已处于有利位置，可以迈出历史性的一步 新步骤，融合使用功能磁共振成像 （fMRI），事件相关脑电位（ERP），结合类似的 “在线”（定时）语言、空间认知和行为研究 空间注意力。这些收敛方法将产生前所未有的结果 关于已经出现的“替代大脑计划”的信息 FL 儿童的发展过程。 E也将继续 使用图表绘制青春期的语言和认知发展 基准“离线”（不定时）语言测量（包括方面 对学业和工作成功至关重要的话语）、视觉空间 认知、记忆和执行功能。就所有措施而言，结果为 患有 FL 的儿童将与儿童的调查结果进行系统比较 在其他人群中，包括特定语言障碍，威廉姆斯 综合症、唐氏综合症以及研究其他形式 FL 的新项目。