STUDIES ON CHILDREN WITH EARLY FOCAL BRAIN INJURY

早期局灶性脑损伤儿童的研究

• 批准号: 6618952
• 负责人: ELIZABETH A BATES
• 金额: $ 13.47万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-08-01 至 2003-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6618952
• 关键词: Downs syndrome; Williams syndrome; adolescence (12-20); age difference; attention; behavioral /social science research tag; brain injury; brain interhemispheric activity; child psychology; developmental neurobiology; disease /disorder onset; evoked potentials; functional magnetic resonance imaging; human subject; language development; language disorders; middle childhood (6-11); neural information processing; neural plasticity; neuroanatomy; neuropsychological tests; neuropsychology; patient oriented research; psychometrics; space perception; time perception

Over the past 15 years, we have made significant progress in the study lf language and affective development in children with congenital injuries to one side of the brain (FL). In each behavioral , we have covered evidence of initial deficits, and specific effects of lesion side and site, but these initial deficits are followed by substantial recovery and development, providing strong evidence for behavioral and neural plasticity in this population. Furthermore, we have shown that trajectories of deficit and recovery differ across domains. In language, lesion- symptom correlations exist in the first years of life, but they do not resemble the patterns observed in adults; by 5-7 years of age, specific effects of lesion side and site seem to have disappeared altogether. In spatial cognition, lesion-symptom correlations persist across childhood and adolescence, albeit in a mild form, and continue to resemble the correlations observed in adults. These results are compatible with a large literature on plasticity and reorganization in animals, supporting the view that brain development is a dynamic, responsive and self-organizing system. But they also offer a unique perspective on plasticity and brain organization in humans. We are now well-positioned to take a historic new steps, with convergent use of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), event-related brain potentials(ERP), combined with analogous "on-line" (timed" behavioral studies of language, spatial cognition and spatial attention. These convergent methods will yield unprecedented information about the "alternative brain plans" that have emerged across the course of development in children with FL. E will also continue to chart language and cognitive development into adolescence, using benchmark "off-line" (untimed" measures of language (including aspects of discourse that re critical to success in school and work), visual-spatial cognition, memory and executive function. On all measures, results for children with FL will be compared systematically to findings for children in other populations, including Specific Language Impairment, Williams Syndrome, Down Syndrome, and new project studying other forms of FL.

在过去的15年中，我们在研究LF方面取得了重大进展 先天性伤害儿童的语言和情感发展 到大脑的一侧（FL）。在每个行为中，我们都涵盖了 初始缺陷的证据以及病变侧和部位的特定影响，但 这些初始缺陷之后是大量恢复和 发展，为行为和神经提供有力的证据 该人群的可塑性。此外，我们已经证明了轨迹 赤字和恢复的范围不同。用语言，病变 - 症状相关性存在于生命的头几年，但没有 类似于成年人观察到的模式；到5-7岁，具体 病变侧和现场的影响似乎完全消失了。在 空间认知，病变 - 症状相关性在整个童年时期持续存在 和青春期，尽管处于温和的形式，并继续类似于 成人观察到的相关性。这些结果与大的 关于动物的可塑性和重组的文献，支持该视图 大脑发育是一种动态，响应和自我组织的 系统。但是它们也提供了有关可塑性和大脑的独特视角 在人类中的组织。我们现在有很好的位置，可以拥有历史性的 新步骤，随着功能磁共振成像的收敛使用 （fMRI），与事件相关的大脑电位（ERP）与类似 “在线”（定时”语言，空间认知和 空间注意力。这些收敛方法将产生前所未有的 有关“替代大脑计划”的信息 佛罗里达儿童的发展过程。 E也将继续 图表语言和认知发展成青春期，使用 基准“离线”（不合时宜的”语言度量（包括方面 关于在学校和工作中取得成功至关重要的话语），视觉空间 认知，记忆和执行功能。在所有措施上，结果 FL的儿童将系统地比较儿童的发现 在其他人群中，包括特定语言障碍，威廉姆斯 综合征，唐氏综合症和新项目研究其他形式的fl。