RADIOIMMUNOTHERAPY WITH ALPHA AND BETA EMITTERS

使用 α 和 β 发射器进行放射免疫治疗

• 批准号: 6423087
• 负责人: DAVID A SCHEINBERG
• 金额: $ 29.18万
• 依托单位: SLOAN-KETTERING INST CAN RESEARCH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-02-21 至 2001-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6423087
• 关键词: actinides; acute myelogenous leukemia; alpha radiation; antitumor antibody; beta radiation; bismuth; chronic myelogenous leukemia; clinical research; clinical trial phase I; combination cancer therapy; human subject; human therapy evaluation; laboratory mouse; neoplasm /cancer radioimmunotherapy; radionuclides; radiopharmacology; yttrium

Although radioimmunotherapy with beta emitting radionuclides has demonstrated significant anti-cancer activity, it is severely limited by the long range of the beta particles. As a consequence, except in the radio- sensitive lymphoid cancers, major responses can not be achieved easily without dose limiting myelosuppression. In contrast, targeted alpha particle therapy with Bismuth-213 allows selective killing of single cells and small clusters of cells, but may not be effective in debulking large tumors and is also limited by its short half-life. Over the last 5 years, we have developed human therapeutic model systems for studying both alpha and beta radioimmunotherapy ranging from in vitro analyses and animal models to human clinical studies. We hypothesize that by understanding the geometry, cellular metabolism and catabolism, radiobiology and nuclear chemistry of these radioconstructs in these systems, one can design strategies to take full advantage of their unique and highly active features, while reducing their dose limiting characteristics. AIMS: 1) Explore rational combination of beta and alpha RIT. 2) Investigate in vivo alpha generators with multiple daughters, especially with regard to metabolism. 3) Develop new generator chemistry and reconstruct product purification methods. 4) Elucidate the role of targeted cell antigen density and radioconstruct specific activity in alpha RIT. Each of these issues will be addressed first in models in vitro and in vivo; next, to as great a degree as possible, these evaluations will be translated into human clinical trials.

尽管使用β发射放射性核素的放射免疫疗法已表现出显着的抗癌活性，但它受到β粒子长射程的严重限制。因此，除了对放射敏感的淋巴癌外，如果不限制剂量的骨髓抑制，就很难实现主要反应。相比之下，Bismuth-213 的靶向 α 粒子疗法可以选择性杀死单个细胞和小细胞簇，但可能无法有效减少大型肿瘤，并且还受到其半衰期短的限制。在过去的 5 年里，我们开发了用于研究 α 和 β 放射免疫疗法的人体治疗模型系统，范围从体外分析和动物模型到人体临床研究。我们假设，通过了解这些系统中这些放射性结构的几何形状、细胞代谢和分解代谢、放射生物学和核化学，人们可以设计策略来充分利用它们独特和高度活跃的特征，同时减少它们的剂量限制特性。目的：1）探索β RIT与α RIT的合理结合。 2）研究具有多个子体的体内α发生器，特别是在新陈代谢方面。 3）开发新的发生器化学并重构产品纯化方法。 4) 阐明靶细胞抗原密度和放射性结构比活性在 α RIT 中的作用。这些问题中的每一个都将首先在体外和体内模型中得到解决；接下来，这些评估将尽可能转化为人体临床试验。