ORAL CANCER DETECTION: CURRENT/EMERGING TECHNIQUES

口腔癌检测：当前/新兴技术

• 批准号: 6405213
• 负责人: DAVID A SIROIS
• 金额: $ 13.88万
• 依托单位: NEW YORK UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-09-30 至 2006-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6405213
• 关键词: adult human (21+); bioimaging /biomedical imaging; biomarker; biopsy; cancer risk; clinical research; cooperative study; data collection methodology /evaluation; diagnosis design /evaluation; diagnosis quality /standard; digital imaging; early diagnosis; exfoliative cytology; histopathology; human subject; longitudinal human study; neoplasm /cancer diagnosis; oral mucosa; oral pharyngeal neoplasm; outcomes research; pathologic process; polymerase chain reaction; preneoplastic state; prognosis; saliva; statistics /biometry

The stage of cancer at the time of treatment is the most important factor affecting treatment outcome: early diagnosis is associated with more than a 75% 5-year survival rate whereas lite diagnosis is associated with less than a 25% 5 year survival. While survival rates for many cancers have improved during the past twenty years, the survival rate for oral cancer has remained unchanged because most cases are diagnosed at advanced stages. The natural history of oral cancer is such that the asymptomatic, pre-malignant lesion can be identified long before malignant transformation if individuals are properly evaluated and adequate assessment technology exists to support the diagnostic process. The unaided clinical examination alone is inadequate for detecting oral cancer, when performed by experienced clinicians, and ultimately will require adjuvant assessment tests to improve early detection. As recommended in Objective 9.6 of Healthy People 2010 earlier detection is essential to improve treatment outcomes for oral cancer. Earlier detection will require technologies that improve visualization of, or surveillance for, early mucosal changes associated with dysplasia or malignancy, combine with diagnostic tests which accurately characterize the malignancy potential. This project will systematically examine selected current and/or emerging technologies to determine their utility and optimal application, along or in combination, to reliability detect oral cancer/pre-cancer at its earliest stage by applying the tests to low-risk, high-risk and known oral cancer lesions. Unlike previous studiers this project allow every subject and lesion to be exposed to every assessment test, with specific attention to populations with varying risk for oral cancer and to the intended use of a test as a screening, surveillance adjuvant or definitive diagnostic tool. The inclusion in this study of emerging technologies will facilities the analytical validation of tests which could revolutionize the detection and diagnosis of oral cancer. It is expected that insights gained from this study will be hypothesis-provoking, leading to new ideas about biomarkers for oral cancer and their exploitation for the prevention, early detection and treatment of oral cancer.

治疗时的癌症分期是影响治疗结果的最重要因素：早期诊断与超过 75% 的 5 年生存率相关，而轻度诊断与低于 25% 的 5 年生存率相关。尽管许多癌症的生存率在过去二十年中有所提高，但口腔癌的生存率却保持不变，因为大多数病例都是在晚期才被诊断出来的。口腔癌的自然史是这样的，如果对个体进行适当的评估并且存在足够的评估技术来支持诊断过程，则可以在恶变之前很久就识别出无症状的恶变前病变。当由经验丰富的临床医生进行时，单独的无辅助临床检查不足以检测口腔癌，最终需要辅助评估测试来改善早期检测。正如《2010 年健康人》目标 9.6 中所建议的那样，早期检测对于改善口腔癌的治疗效果至关重要。早期检测需要改进与不典型增生或恶性肿瘤相关的早期粘膜变化的可视化或监测的技术，并结合准确表征恶性肿瘤潜力的诊断测试。该项目将系统地检查选定的当前和/或新兴技术，以确定它们的效用和最佳应用，单独或组合，通过将测试应用于低风险、高风险，在最早阶段可靠地检测口腔癌/癌前病变。和已知的口腔癌病变。与以前的研究人员不同的是，该项目允许每个受试者和病变都接受每个评估测试，特别关注具有不同口腔癌风险的人群以及测试作为筛查、监测辅助或明确诊断工具的预期用途。这项研究中纳入的新兴技术将有助于测试的分析验证，从而彻底改变口腔癌的检测和诊断。预计从这项研究中获得的见解将引发假设，从而产生关于口腔癌生物标志物及其用于预防、早期检测和治疗口腔癌的新想法。