Protecting second wheat through the reduction of take-all inoculum build up

通过减少全食接种量的积累来保护次小麦

• 批准号: TS/I001050/1
• 负责人: Kim Hammond-Kosack
• 金额: $ 12.07万
• 依托单位: Rothamsted Research
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2010 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=TS%2FI001050%2F1
• 关键词: Protecting; second; wheat; through; reduction

Take-all is one of the most important fungal diseases of UK winter wheat, with up to half the crop being affected with losses costing farmers up to 60m per annum. The disease causes root system damage, resulting in reduced water and nitrogen uptake, which impacts on both yield and quality. Current control measures are not 100% effective and include cultural practices and chemical control. Previous work at Rothamsted Research has shown that the varieties Avalon and Cadenza show differences in the amount of the take-all fungus left behind in the soil after harvest. This influences the inoculum available for infection of a second wheat crop. The genetic loci controlling this trait have been identified and the aim of this project is to utilise these results in developing varieties which resist take-all build up (TAB). The 1st objective will be to assess a further range of UK varieties and lines from the three partners with respect to this take-all build-up phenotype. The 2nd objective will be to map the genetic loci further, using more lines from the Avalon x Cadenza WGIN mapping population. From this analysis we aim to map this trait more finely in order to give us diagnostic markers for use in marker-assisted selection (MAS). The 3rd objective is to explore whether an above ground visible crop physiology trait exists which is associated with either low or high take-all inoculum build up in the soil below. This visual assessment could in the future be used as an additional diagnostic marker by the breeders.During this project, we will have selected varieties and advanced material for direct use in the market place which show this reduced TAB phenotype, giving added value to material currently entering registration. Development of UK varieties carrying this unique trait will benefit not only our companies, but also wheat productivity by increasing overall UK wheat yields consistently by up to 1.9 m tonnes pa specifically by improving the performance of 2nd wheat crops.

赤霉病是英国冬小麦最重要的真菌病害之一，多达一半的作物受到影响，农民每年损失高达 6000 万美元。该疾病会导致根系受损，导致水和氮的吸收减少，从而影响产量和质量。目前的控制措施并非100%有效，包括文化实践和化学控制。洛桑研究中心之前的研究表明，Avalon 和 Cadenza 品种在收获后留在土壤中的全食真菌数量存在差异。这会影响可用于感染第二茬小麦作物的接种物。控制该性状的遗传位点已经确定，该项目的目的是利用这些结果来开发抗全食积累（TAB）的品种。第一个目标是评估来自三个合作伙伴的更多英国品种和品系的这种通吃积累表型。第二个目标是使用来自 Avalon x Cadenza WGIN 绘图群体的更多品系进一步绘制遗传位点图谱。通过该分析，我们的目标是更精细地绘制该性状，以便为我们提供用于标记辅助选择（MAS）的诊断标记。第三个目标是探索地上可见的作物生理性状是否存在，该性状与地下土壤中低或高的全食接种物的积累有关。这种视觉评估将来可以被育种者用作额外的诊断标记。在这个项目期间，我们将选择在市场上直接使用的品种和先进材料，这些材料显示出这种减少的 TAB 表型，从而为目前的材料带来附加值进入注册。开发具有这种独特性状的英国品种不仅有利于我们的公司，而且还可以通过提高第二季小麦作物的性能，使英国小麦总产量持续增加高达 190 万吨/年，从而提高小麦生产力。

项目成果

Exploring the resilience of wheat crops grown in short rotations through minimising the build-up of an important soil-borne fungal pathogen.

通过最大限度地减少一种重要的土传真菌病原体的积累，探索短轮耕期小麦作物的恢复能力。

• DOI: http://dx.10.1038/s41598-018-25511-8
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: Scientific reports
• 影响因子: 4.6
• 作者: McMillan VE

Take-All Disease: New Insights into an Important Wheat Root Pathogen

通吃疾病：对重要小麦根部病原体的新见解

• DOI: http://dx.10.1016/j.tplants.2021.02.009
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Trends in Plant Science
• 影响因子: 20.5
• 作者: Palma

Pseudomonas spp. diversity is negatively associated with suppression of the wheat take-all pathogen.

假单胞菌属

• DOI: http://dx.10.1038/srep29905
• 发表时间: 2016
• 期刊: Scientific reports
• 影响因子: 4.6
• 作者: Mehrabi Z

Take-all or nothing.

要么全取，要么一无所有。

• DOI: http://dx.10.1016/j.simyco.2016.06.002
• 发表时间: 2016
• 期刊: Studies in mycology
• 影响因子: 16.5
• 作者: Hernández

An analysis of Pseudomonas genomic diversity in take-all infected wheat fields reveals the lasting impact of wheat cultivars on the soil microbiota.

对全受感染麦田中假单胞菌基因组多样性的分析揭示了小麦品种对土壤微生物群的持久影响。

• DOI: http://dx.10.1111/1462-2920.13038
• 发表时间: 2015-11
• 期刊: Environmental microbiology
• 影响因子: 5.1
• 作者: Mauchline TH;Chedom-Fotso D;Chandra G;Samuels T;Greenaway N;Backhaus A;McMillan V;Canning G;Powers SJ;Hammond-Kosack KE;Hirsch PR;Clark IM;Mehrabi Z;Roworth J;Burnell J;Malone JG
• 通讯作者: Malone JG