The Role of the Hippocampus in Spatial Memory

海马体在空间记忆中的作用

• 批准号: 6405503
• 负责人: ROBERT S ASTUR
• 金额: $ 3.48万
• 依托单位: YALE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-08-01 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6405503
• 关键词: behavioral /social science research tag; brain mapping; epilepsy; functional magnetic resonance imaging; hippocampus; human subject; memory; neuroregulation; neurosurgery; patient oriented research; postoperative state; psychological tests; space perception; statistics /biometry

The goal of this proposal is to utilize a variety of spatial memory tasks to examine the functional role of the hippocampus (HPC) in spatial memory. Each of these tasks is a human analogue version of tasks that have been extensively developed and demonstrated to be sensitive to HPC damage in nonhumans. The fMRI group at Yale has recently developed an fMRI methodology that allows for precise detection of functional activity changes in the HPC; a structure that, before this development, has been extremely difficult to image due to its proximity to bone and sinuses which cause signal loss and spatial distortions. In addition, it is an aim of these studies to examine whether the observed changes in HPC activity correlate with spatial performance in these tasks. Both neurologically normal participants and patients with epilepsy will be tested. The neurologically normal participants will provide a control group for comparing with the patients as well as providing a group for piloting additional spatial memory tasks. By examining the functional role of the HPC in patients both before unilateral HPC resection and afterwards, a better understanding of HPC functioning can be obtained. Moreover, this information may be essential in guiding the neurosurgery so as to maximize the benefits of the surgery while minimizing the amount of critical tissue that is removed.

该建议的目的是利用各种空间内存任务来检查海马（HPC）在空间内存中的功能作用。这些任务中的每一个都是人类的模拟版本，已广泛开发并证明对非人类的HPC损害敏感。耶鲁大学的fMRI组最近开发了一种fMRI方法，该方法可以精确检测HPC的功能活性变化。在这种发展之前，由于其靠近骨骼和鼻窦的结构，它非常难以成像，从而导致信号丢失和空间扭曲。此外，这些研究的目的是检查观察到的HPC活性变化是否与这些任务中的空间性能相关。神经学正常的参与者和癫痫患者均可测试。神经学正常的参与者将提供一个对照组，以与患者进行比较，并提供一个用于驾驶其他空间记忆任务的组。通过在单侧HPC切除之前和之后检查HPC在患者中的功能作用，可以更好地了解HPC功能。此外，此信息可能对指导神经外科手术至关重要，以最大程度地提高手术的益处，同时最大程度地减少去除的关键组织的量。