THREE-AXIS OCULAR MOTOR CONTROL BY THE CEREBELLUM

小脑的三轴眼运动控制

• 批准号: 6525009
• 负责人: MARK F. WALKER
• 金额: $ 12.97万
• 依托单位: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-09-30 至 2004-09-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6525009
• 关键词: Primates; binocular vision; biological signal transduction; brain disorders; cerebellum; clinical research; computer data analysis; eye disorder diagnosis; eye movement disorders; eye movements; human subject; neuromuscular system; neuroregulation; smooth pursuit eye movement; statistics /biometry; video recording system; visual stimulus

The goal of this career development proposal is to provide the educational and research training necessary for a career in ocular motor neuro-ophthalmology, with an emphasis on the role of the cerebellum in the three-axis (horizontal, vertical, and torsional) control of eye movements. The research plan involves a combination of experimental and modeling approaches with parallel studies in human cerebellar patients and non-human primates. Additional training components include formal instruction in statistics and data analysis, control system approaches to the ocular motor system, mentoring in neural modeling techniques, and additional instruction in clinical neuro-ophthalmology and strabismus. Although much has been learned about the cerebellar control of horizontal and vertical eye movements, studies of the cerebellar control of torsion are much more limited. The experiments in this proposal take advantage of recent advances in three-axis techniques to investigate the vestibulocerebellar, and particularly the floccular, contribution to eye torsion. Using a three-axis magnetic search coil technique, recordings will be made in human cerebellar patients and in primates before and after surgical floccular lesions. Experiments will address the control of three-axis eye velocity during eye movements evoked by visual (pursuit and optokinetic) and vestibular (low- and high-frequency) stimulation. The control of static torsion and binocular alignment will also be investigated. Later experiments will focus on the cerebellar contribution to the linear VOR and on the effects of lesions in other cerebellar regions on three-axis eye movement behavior. These experiments should provide a greater understanding of the pathophysiology of vestibulocerebellar lesions, as well the three-axis representation of visual and eye movement signals in the cerebellum. They also complement other recent studies dealing with peripheral mechanisms of torsion control. Finally, they may lead to a greater insight into the role of the cerebellum in compensating for lesions elsewhere in the ocular motor system, such as superior oblique pareses and other causes of strabismus. This might lead to better treatment for these disorders.

这项职业发展建议的目的是提供对眼部运动神经 - 跨性能的职业所必需的教育和研究培训，重点是小脑在三轴（水平，垂直和扭转）眼球运动中的作用。 该研究计划涉及实验和建模方法与人类小脑患者和非人类灵长类动物的平行研究的结合。 其他培训组件包括统计和数据分析的正式教学，眼运动系统的控制系统方法，神经建模技术的指导以及临床神经浏览性和斜视方面的其他指导。尽管关于水平和垂直眼运动的小脑控制的知识已经很多，但对小脑扭转控制的研究更加有限。 该提案中的实验利用了三轴技术的最新进展来研究前庭脑，尤其是絮状的，对眼扭转的贡献。 使用三轴磁性搜索线圈技术，将在人的小脑患者和手术絮状病变前后的灵长类动物中进行记录。 实验将解决通过视觉（追捕和光动力学）和前庭（低频和高频）刺激引起的眼睛运动过程中三轴眼速度的控制。 还将研究静态扭转和双眼比对的控制。 后来的实验将集中在小脑对线性VOR的贡献以及其他小脑区域病变对三轴眼运动行为的影响。这些实验应更深入地了解前庭病变的病理生理学，以及小脑视觉和眼动信号的三轴表示。 他们还补充了有关扭转控制的外围机制的其他最近研究。 最后，它们可能会更深入地了解小脑在补偿眼部运动系统中其他地方的病变中的作用，例如上倾斜片和其他斜视的原因。 这可能会导致对这些疾病的更好治疗。