Investigating Constraints on Induction in Cryospheres with a Lander for Electromagnetic Sounding (ICICLES)

使用电磁探测着陆器 (ICICLES) 研究冰冻圈感应的约束

• 批准号: ST/Y510014/1
• 负责人: FIONA SIMPSON
• 金额: $ 64.22万
• 依托单位: Imperial College London
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2024
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2024 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ST%2FY510014%2F1
• 关键词: Investigating; Constraints; Induction; Cryospheres; Lander

We propose to develop a remotely operated magnetotelluric (MT) lander with autonomous capability to collect electric and magnetic field data on the surface of icy moons, which are of particular interest in planetary science, because their ocean worlds may support life. MT data from icy moons would provide robust constraints on the laterally variable thicknesses and internal structures of their cryospheres and the salinities, temperatures and circulation of their internal oceans that are indeterminable from orbital magnetometer data alone.Imperial's space laboratory team has extensive experience of developing magnetometers for spacecraft observations of magnetic fields. The challenge will be to develop telluric amplifiers connected to electrodes capable of being deployed autonomously to measure electric fields on the highly resistive surfaces of icy moons. Based on computer models, we will be aiming to develop a system that samples at 128 Hz and detects magnetic fluctuations >1 nT and electric signals >1 µV/m.MT is a well-established geophysical method that has provided insight into Earth's crustal and mantle electrical conductivity structure below continents and the seafloor, but modifications to available technology will be required to address the high ice-electrode contact resistance expected on the surface of icy moons, autonomous deployment style and operating temperature range. A particular question to address will be how to deploy the electrodes autonomously at sufficient spatial separations to ensure that natural electric field (measured by dividing the potential differences between paired electrodes by their distance apart) fluctuations are detectable above the sources of electrode and telluric amplifier noise. Possible solutions are to deploy electrodes ballistically or on booms. Therefore, measurements on ice that we will carry out on Svalbard with different designs of electrodes, telluric lengths, deployment styles and mechanisms will be central to the success of our research and development program. Data will be transmitted by GPS, which is standard on modern MT systems.We assess the current technology readiness level of our proposed system to lie between TRL1 and TRL2. We will test our MT lander both in the laboratory and on Svalbard, advancing our technology to a rating of TRL5 by the end of the project. We anticipate applying for follow-on funding a few months prior to the end of the project to enable us to develop our MT prototype to the next stage, which should include testing in an extraterrestrial environment (e.g., on the Moon).

我们建议开发具有远程操作的磁性甲尿（MT）着陆器，具有自主能力，可以在冰冷的月球表面收集电场和磁场数据，这在行星科学中特别感兴趣，因为它们的海洋世界可能会支持生命。来自冰冷月亮的MT数据将对它们的冰冻圈的侧面可变厚度和内部结构以及其内部海洋的盐度，温度和循环提供强大的限制，这些海洋的内部海洋循环磁力表可从轨道磁力计数据中不确定。面临的挑战是开发与能够自动部署的电子相关的牙槽放大器，以测量高度抗性冰月表面上的电场。基于计算机模型，我们将旨在开发一种以128 Hz样品进行样品并检测到磁性波动> 1 nt和电信号> 1 µV/M.MT是一种完善的地球物理方法，该方法已为地球地壳和地下电导率结构提供了预期，以至于可用的冰心稳定性，但远远冰上的冰层将与海上的冰心保持联系，以至于冰上的冰心稳定，冰川的接触率很高。冰冷的月亮，自主部署样式和工作温度范围。要解决的一个特定问题将是如何在足够的空间间隔内自主部署电气，以确保自然电场（通过将配对电子之间的潜在差异除以它们的距离来衡量）波动在电子和牙龈放大器噪声上方都可以检测到。可能的解决方案是在弹道或动臂上部署电极。因此，我们将在冰上进行的测量，我们将在SVALBARD上进行不同的电子，牙写长度，部署风格和机制，将是我们的研发计划成功的核心。数据将由GPS传输，GPS是现代MT系统的标准配置。我们评估我们提出的系统的当前技术准备水平，以在TRL1和TRL2之间。我们将在实验室和Svalbard上测试MT Lander，并在项目结束时将我们的技术提高到TRL5的评级。我们预计项目结束前几个月申请了以下资金，以使我们能够将MT原型开发到下一阶段，其中应包括在外星环境中进行测试（例如，在月球上）。