NEUROBIOLOGY OF COGNITIVE GAINS WITH OPIATE MAINTENANCE

阿片维持认知增益的神经生物学

• 批准号: 6378760
• 负责人: STEVEN D. FORMAN
• 金额: $ 13.8万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-05-01 至 2003-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6378760
• 关键词: bioimaging /biomedical imaging; brain electrical activity; clinical research; cognition; drug abuse; drug abuse chemotherapy; electrophysiology; functional magnetic resonance imaging; heroin; human subject; laboratory rat; longitudinal human study; methadone; neural information processing; neurobiology; neurochemistry; prefrontal lobe /cortex

DESCRIPTION: (Applicant's Abstract) We propose a longitudinal study to monitor prefrontal cortical functioning in 56 heroin-dependent patients during the course of opiate maintenance. Using a newly developed variant of the Go/No Go task and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we will assess whether prefrontal cortical activity increases with clinical improvement, both in dorsolateral regions associated with delay-dependent processing and in ventral areas associated with inhibitory processing. We will additionally use a combined fMRI/microdialysis system in a rat model to measure the neurochemical changes in those relevant brain areas identified in the clinical investigation. Heroin dependence remains a major public health problem in the United States. Opiate maintenance is the most effective treatment modality with an estimated 115,000 individuals currently receiving methadone maintenance (IOM Report, 1995). Despite its demonstrable effectiveness and widespread use, very little is known about the cognitive effects of chronic methadone. We know that opiate maintenance treatment allows opiate addicts to cease their relentless search for illicit opiates, accompanied by psychosocial stabilization in a number of domains including decreased criminal activity, increased productivity, increased employment and educational pursuits. Clinically, as the destabilized lifestyle of the addict is marked by impulsivity (by diagnostic definition), it appears apparent that clinical improvement must be accompanied by improvements in this cognitive characteristic. Opposition to opiate maintenance has always arisen from the view that opiate maintenance merely swaps one abused narcotic for another. From both a clinical and sociopolitical standpoint it is obviously relevant to establish that opiate maintenance treats a cognitive deficit induced by previous illicit opiate abuse. We have found no study addressing whether and how opiate maintenance affects impulsivity.

描述：（申请人的摘要） 我们提出了一项纵向研究，以监测前额叶皮质功能 在56名海洛因依赖性患者中，在阿片类药物维护过程中。 使用GO/NO GO任务和功能磁性的新开发的变体 共振成像（fMRI），我们将评估前额叶皮质是否 活动随临床改善而增加，均在背外侧区域 与延迟依赖性处理和相关的腹侧区域相关 进行抑制处理。 我们还将共同使用 大鼠模型中的fMRI/微透析系统以测量神经化学 临床中发现的相关大脑区域的变化 调查。 海洛因依赖仍然是曼联的主要公共卫生问题 国家。 鸦片维护是最有效的治疗方式 估计目前接受美沙酮维护的人估计有115,000个人（IOM 报告，1995年）。 尽管具有明显的有效性和广泛使用，但 关于慢性美沙酮的认知作用知之甚少。 我们 知道鸦片维护治疗允许鸦片吸毒者停止 不懈地寻找非法阿片类药物，伴随着社会心理 在许多领域的稳定，包括减少犯罪活动， 提高生产率，提高就业和教育追求。 从临床上讲，由于瘾君子的不稳定生活方式标志着 冲动性（按诊断定义），很明显临床 改进必须伴随着这种认知的改善 特征。 反对鸦片维护的反对总是来自 查看鸦片维护仅将一种滥用麻醉品换成另一种滥用麻醉品。 从临床和社会政治的角度来看，这显然是相关的 为了确定鸦片维护治疗由 以前的非法鸦片滥用。 我们没有发现任何研究解决了是否 鸦片维护如何影响冲动。