Gravitational Wave Astronomy at the University of Birmingham, STFC Equipment Call 2018

伯明翰大学引力波天文学，STFC 设备电话会议 2018

• 批准号: ST/S002154/1
• 负责人: Denis Martynov
• 金额: $ 10.37万
• 依托单位: University of Birmingham
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2018 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ST%2FS002154%2F1
• 关键词: Gravitational; Wave; Astronomy; University; Birmingham

On September 14, 2015 LIGO directly detected gravitational waves (GWs), completing the quest for the experimental confirmation of a fundamental prediction of Einstein's theory of general relativity.With this observation, followed by another five signals, we have shown the existence of heavy stellar-mass black holes, and established that binary black holes can form and merge within a Hubble time. On August 17, 2017, we detected GW170817, the first observed coalescence of a binary neutron star. The LIGO-VIRGO low-latency 3-dimensional sky localisation enabled the discovery of its optical counterpart and the identification of its host galaxy, which was followed by a remarkable observational campaign of the post-merger remnant across the full electromagnetic spectrum GW observations are already transforming our understanding of black holes, neutron stars, their formation and evolution, the state of matter in the most extreme conditions, and the behaviour of dynamical, strong-field gravity in previously untested regimes. However, this knowledge will be even further advanced once the sensitivity of the GW detectors is improved. Currently, the LIGO sensitivity is diminished by technical control noises below 30 Hz. At higher frequencies, the sensitivity is limited by the quantum noises which are triggered by fundamental vacuum fluctuations of electromagnetic fields. If no new technology is developed, future GW observatories, such as the Einstein Telescope in Europe or LIGO Voyager and Cosmic Explorer in the U.S., will face similar limits. In this proposal, we seek to experimentally demonstrate two new technologies: a 6 degree-of-freedom (6D) seismometer and a quantum filter. In the future, 6D seismometers and quantum filters will increase the signal-to-noise ratio of individual GW sources, expanding the astrophysical reach of the detectors, and will vastly augment the amount of time the source is in band, with spectacular consequences for electromagnetic follow-up campaigns.

在2015年9月14日，Ligo直接检测到引力波（GWS），完成了对爱因斯坦一般相对论的基本预测的实验确认。随后进行了五个信号，我们已经表明了重型恒星的存在。 - 质量的黑洞，并确定二进制黑洞可以在哈勃时期内形成并合并。 2017年8月17日，我们检测到GW170817，这是第一个观察到的二进制中子星的结合。 Ligo-Virgo低延迟3维天空定位使它的光学对应物和宿主银河系的识别可以发现，随后是完整的电磁体观测值的合并后残留物的显着观察性运动是改变了我们对黑洞，中子星，它们的形成和进化的理解，在最极端条件下的物质状态以及在以前未经测试的方案中动态，强场重力的行为。但是，一旦提高了GW检测器的灵敏度，这些知识将进一步提高。目前，通过技术控制声音低于30 Hz，LIGO敏感性降低了。在较高的频率下，灵敏度受到电磁场的基本真空波动触发的量子噪声的限制。如果没有开发新技术，未来的GW观测值，例如欧洲的爱因斯坦望远镜或美国的Ligo Voyager和宇宙探险家，将面临类似的限制。在此提案中，我们试图在实验中证明两种新技术：一种6个自由度（6D）地震仪和一个量子滤波器。将来，6D地震仪和量子过滤器将增加单个GW来源的信噪比，扩大检测器的天体物理覆盖率，并大大增加源源在带中的时间，并带来壮观的电磁后果。后续活动。