Rapid deployment seismic array

快速部署地震台阵

• 批准号: NE/X005879/1
• 负责人: Stewart Fishwick
• 金额: $ 95.45万
• 依托单位: University of Leicester
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2022 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FX005879%2F1
• 关键词: Rapid; deployment; seismic; array

Seismic methods underpin many areas of NERC research; as one of a limited number of methods for "imaging" the Earth in near real time, and one of the most used methods for obtaining information about the physical properties of the subsurface. Seismic methods are used across earth and environmental sciences: for the monitoring and characterisation of earthquakes, volcanoes and landslides; for understanding impacts from human infrastructure including geothermal power and wind turbines; for the study of glacial movement, freeze-thaw processes, and permafrost behaviour; for imaging the deep Earth, including subsurface natural resources; and for animal behaviour, such as migration. There is a growing need for rapid seismic deployments in remote, inaccessible and challenging environments, such as glacial ablation zones, where existing seismic sensors would fail. Providing access for the UK research community to such a rapid deployment seismic array is the top priority defined by the NERC Geophysical Equipment Facility (GEF) steering committee in 2021, and in the NERC Statement of Community Need it was stated that "there is an urgent requirement to replace GEF's critical backbone instrumentation with modern and forward-looking alternatives in the short term".An array of Certimus sensors, as proposed here, would fulfil this urgent requirement by providing both critical backbone instrumentation, and bringing unique, next generation benefits, such as tilt tolerance, which has increased to plus / minus 90 degrees, from just plus / minus 2.5 degrees in older instruments. This feature is unique to the Certimus and creates a step change in world class environmental science by enabling continuous broadband seismic data acquisition in environments where other broadband seismometers would fail due to rapidly changing ground levels, such as glaciers, continental ice sheets and permafrost in the cryosphere; and areas of slope instability such as landslides and avalanches. The Certimus uses approximately 1/3 of the power of its predecessor, which significantly reduces the number of solar panels and batteries which much be transported into the field. Additionally, smaller and lighter instruments reduce the shipping weight, which further reduces the environmental cost of data acquisition. The array would become part of the NERC Geophysical Equipment Facility, being housed within the Leicester node (SEIS-UK) from the outset, where GEF staff would commission, support and maintain it for its entire lifespan. It would be available to UK researchers with full GEF support and training through the normal Facility application process. Demand for this class of sensor has been consistently high throughout GEF's history, often exceeding supply, and this has become an acute problem since the retirement of the older equipment.GEF have over 20 years' experience and expertise in maintaining seismic equipment, and combined with their user training and support programs, they have demonstrated ability to keep sensors in use for over double the manufacturers' expected lifespan. Data will be archived and publically available 3 years after each loan ends, bringing additional value to this capital investment. Our project partner has significant experience of working with the Certimus and state that they "... strongly believe that this equipment will have a transformational effect on the research undertaken by the seismology community in the UK, largely because it opens up areas of research that were not previously possible, yet sit squarely within NERC's remit". Our project partner, who has offered in-kind support to field test equipment, and train GEF staff, also believes that "access to a sizable pool of Certimus seismometers will allow the UK seismology community to stay at the forefront of its discipline for the next decade, and provide new impetus to engage in multidisciplinary research like never before".

地震方法是 NERC 研究许多领域的基础；作为近实时“成像”地球的有限方法之一，也是获取地下物理特性信息最常用的方法之一。地震方法广泛用于地球和环境科学：用于监测和表征地震、火山和山体滑坡；了解地热能和风力涡轮机等人类基础设施的影响；用于研究冰川运动、冻融过程和永久冻土行为；用于对地球深处进行成像，包括地下自然资源；以及动物行为，例如迁徙。在偏远、难以到达和具有挑战性的环境中，例如冰川消融区，现有地震传感器可能会出现故障，因此越来越需要快速部署地震。为英国研究界提供如此快速部署的地震台阵是 NERC 地球物理设备设施 (GEF) 指导委员会在 2021 年确定的首要任务，并且在 NERC 社区需求声明中指出，“有一个紧迫的任务”要求在短期内用现代且具有前瞻性的替代品取代 GEF 的关键骨干仪表。”此处提出的一系列 Certimus 传感器将通过提供关键骨干仪表并带来独特的、新一代的优势，例如倾斜容差，从旧仪器的正负 2.5 度增加到正负 90 度。这一功能是 Certimus 所独有的，它能够在其他宽带地震仪因地面快速变化而无法工作的环境中（例如冰川、大陆冰盖和永久冻土）进行连续宽带地震数据采集，从而为世界级环境科学带来了重大变革。冰冻圈；以及山体滑坡和雪崩等斜坡不稳定区域。 Certimus 的耗电量约为其前身的 1/3，这大大减少了运输到现场的太阳能电池板和电池的数量。此外，更小、更轻的仪器减少了运输重量，从而进一步降低了数据采集的环境成本。该阵列将成为 NERC 地球物理设备设施的一部分，从一开始就安置在莱斯特节点 (SEIS-UK) 内，GEF 工作人员将在其整个生命周期内对其进行调试、支持和维护。英国研究人员可以通过正常的基金申请流程获得 GEF 的全面支持和培训。在 GEF 的整个历史中，对此类传感器的需求一直很高，经常超出供应，自从旧设备退役以来，这已成为一个严重的问题。GEF 在维护地震设备方面拥有 20 多年的经验和专业知识，并结合通过他们的用户培训和支持计划，他们已经证明了能够使传感器的使用时间比制造商预期寿命的两倍以上。数据将在每笔贷款结束后 3 年后存档并公开，从而为此项资本投资带来额外价值。我们的项目合作伙伴拥有与 Certimus 合作的丰富经验，并表示他们“......坚信该设备将对英国地震学界进行的研究产生变革性影响，主要是因为它开辟了以下研究领域：这在以前是不可能的，但完全属于 NERC 的职权范围”。我们的项目合作伙伴为现场测试设备提供了实物支持，并培训了 GEF 工作人员，他也相信“使用大量 Certimus 地震仪将使英国地震学界在未来的学科发展中保持领先地位”十年，并为从事前所未有的多学科研究提供新的动力”。