Turbulence, plasma instabilities, transport and magnetogenesis in galaxy clusters

星系团中的湍流、等离子体不稳定性、传输和磁生成

基本信息

批准号：
ST/F002505/2
负责人：
Alexander Schekochihin
金额：
$ 30.27万
依托单位：
University of Oxford
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2009 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ST%2FF002505%2F2
关键词：
Turbulence plasma instabilities transport magnetogenesis

项目摘要

The clusters of galaxies are the largest structured objects in the Universe. Most of the luminous matter contained in clusters is in the form of ionised gas, or plasma (called the intracluster medium, or ICM). This plasma is believed to be in a turbulent state, i.e., it is moving in a disordered fashion. It is also permeated by tangled magnetic fields, which impart a certain elasticity to the plasma motions and also alter the motion of individual particles. All large scale processes in clusters - such as, for example, the propagation of waves and shocks, formation and movement of 'bubbles' blown by the active galaxies in cluster cores etc. - occur in this turbulent magnetised medium and are profoundly affected by it. This proposal is for an investigation of the fundamental physical properties of the ICM: what kind of turbulent motions and electromagnetic fluctuations exist in it? how is the energy of ICM motions dissipated into heat? how is heat trnasported across clusters? what is the origin and structure of magnetic fields in clusters? All these questions must be faced in order for us to be able to make sense of the rapidly increasing amount of observational evidence (obtained with radiotelescopes and with X-ray satellite observatories) and also to develop correct numerical models of clusters. More broadly, the problem of turbulence, which is at the centre of this research, is an exciting and formidable intellectual challenge, sometimes referred to as the last great unsolvedx problem of classical physics. Intertwined with the problem of magnetogenesis (the origin of cosmic magnetism), it continues to inspire both theoretical physicists and astronomers.

星系簇是宇宙中最大的结构化对象。簇中包含的大多数发光物是离子气体或血浆（称为簇内培养基或ICM）的形式。据信这种等离子体处于动荡状态，即它以无序的方式移动。它也被纠结的磁场渗透，这会赋予血浆运动的某些弹性并改变单个颗粒的运动。集群中的所有大规模过程 - 例如，在这种湍流的磁化介质中，由活性星系吹出的波浪和冲击的传播，“气泡”的形成和运动。该建议是为了研究ICM的基本物理特性：其中存在什么样的湍流和电磁波动？ ICM运动的能量如何散成热量？群集跨群体如何进行热量？集群中磁场的起源和结构是什么？必须面对所有这些问题，以使我们能够理解迅速增加的观测证据（用放射性镜和X射线卫星观测值获得），并开发正确的簇数值模型。从更广泛的角度来看，这是这项研究的核心问题的湍流问题，是一个令人兴奋且巨大的智力挑战，有时被称为古典物理学的最后一个伟大的Unsolvedx问题。与磁化（宇宙磁性的起源）的问题交织在一起，它继续激发理论物理学家和天文学家。