Evaluating the contribution of Fire Emissions to Transboundary Air Pollution and public health risks in the Asia-Pacific region

评估火灾排放对亚太地区跨境空气污染和公共卫生风险的影响

• 批准号: NE/V008447/1
• 负责人: Massimo Vieno
• 金额: $ 5.29万
• 依托单位: UK CENTRE FOR ECOLOGY & HYDROLOGY
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2021 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FV008447%2F1
• 关键词: Evaluating; contribution; Fire; Emissions; Transboundary

The seminal 2012 publication of the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study highlighted the relevance of ambient particular matter pollution for adverse effects on public health, ranking within the top ten of non-communicable diseases (NCD) in both developed and developing countries. While much emphasis has been placed on research to better understand and identify strategies to reduce air pollution from key anthropogenic emission sources (e.g. road transport, shipping, household biomass burning), forest fires (also referred to as wildfires or bushfires in different parts of the world) did not get as much attention. Despite the occurrence of wildfires without any human influence, a recent paper researching the loss of life expectancy from air pollution compared to other risk factors at a global scale indicates that only 10% of all wildfire emissions can be classed as 'natural'. Other studies illustrate the complexity and trends in wildfires particularly in South and South East Asian countries. At the same time, most research into modelling effects of transboundary air pollution on public health has to date focused on the Northern Hemisphere, with very little data available to underpin robust assessments of the contribution of fire events on air quality in the wider Asia-Pacific Region (APR). Evaluating the contribution of Fire Emissions to Transboundary Air Pollution and public health risks in the Asia-Pacific region (EFETAP) brings together researchers from the UK, Australia, Indonesia and Malaysia to address the critical questions related to the contributions to transboundary air pollution from wildfires and other biomass burning in the region. To achieve this, EFETAP will improve the representation of fire emissions and their contribution in a globally applied and widely used state-of-the-art atmospheric chemistry transport model to determine the scale of the contribution of fire emissions to air pollution episodes in the APR. Secondly, building on a better understanding of the origin and composition of fine particulate matter concentrations in the APR, health researchers will explore the utility of better integrating environmental and health datasets to identify key drivers and potential intervention points for strategies to reduce public health impacts. Finally, EFETAP aims to trial the development of a framework for short-term forecasting of PM2.5 pollution episodes in the APR, providing better insight into the composition and origin of the pollutants driving severe haze events.In order to achieve these objectives, EFETAP brings together an international, interdisciplinary team comprising five academic institutions and two research institutes from 4 countries (UK, Australia, Indonesia, and Malaysia). This new partnership combines existing bilateral collaborations into a strong, integrated team with complementary expertise and ample experience in working across discipline and country boundaries. The strength of this partnership lies as well in the relationships of all partners to the wider research landscape, including close ties with national and international funding agencies and science foundations, the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (with its Air Convention, which has laid the foundations for transboundary air pollution assessment globally), the World Health Organisation and the United Nations Environment Programme. The PI, Co-I and project partners are well established and networked, bringing considerable added value and in-kind contributions through staff time and expertise, which will further add to the leveraging power of this new partnership. The project will convene two workshops, one in Australia and one in the UK to engage the wider academic community, research funding agencies and policy makers to ensure that the findings are accessible and taken up by the research community, and informs future international, interdisciplinary funding calls.

2012 年发表的影响深远的《全球疾病负担 (GBD) 研究》强调了环境特殊物质污染对公共卫生不利影响的相关性，无论是在发达国家还是发展中国家，该污染都位列前十名的非传染性疾病 (NCD) 之列。虽然人们非常重视研究，以更好地了解和确定减少主要人为排放源（例如道路运输、航运、家庭生物质燃烧）造成的空气污染的策略，但森林火灾（在不同地区也称为野火或丛林火灾）世界）并没有得到那么多的关注。尽管野火的发生不受任何人类影响，但最近一篇研究全球范围内空气污染与其他风险因素相比导致的预期寿命损失的论文表明，所有野火排放中只有 10% 可以归类为“自然”排放。其他研究说明了野火的复杂性和趋势，特别是在南亚和东南亚国家。与此同时，迄今为止，大多数关于跨界空气污染对公共卫生影响的建模研究都集中在北半球，几乎没有数据可以支持对火灾事件对整个亚太地区空气质量的影响进行可靠的评估。地区（四月）。评估火灾排放对亚太地区跨境空气污染和公共卫生风险的影响（EFETAP）汇集了来自英国、澳大利亚、印度尼西亚和马来西亚的研究人员，以解决与野火对跨境空气污染的影响相关的关键问题以及该地区的其他生物质燃烧。为了实现这一目标，EFETAP 将改善火灾排放的代表性及其在全球应用和广泛使用的最先进的大气化学传输模型中的贡献，以确定火灾排放对亚太地区空气污染事件的贡献规模。其次，在更好地了解 APR 中细颗粒物浓度的来源和组成的基础上，健康研究人员将探索更好地整合环境和健康数据集的效用，以确定关键驱动因素和潜在干预点，以制定减少公共卫生影响的策略。最后，EFETAP 旨在尝试开发一个用于 APR 中 PM2.5 污染事件短期预测的框架，以便更好地了解导致严重雾霾事件的污染物的成分和来源。为了实现这些目标，EFETAP汇聚了一支国际化、跨学科的团队，由来自 4 个国家（英国、澳大利亚、印度尼西亚和马来西亚）的 5 个学术机构和 2 个研究机构组成。这一新的合作伙伴关系将现有的双边合作整合为一个强大的综合团队，在跨学科和跨国界工作方面拥有互补的专业知识和丰富的经验。这种伙伴关系的优势还在于所有合作伙伴与更广泛的研究领域的关系，包括与国家和国际资助机构和科学基金会、联合国欧洲经济委员会（及其航空公约，该公约奠定了全球跨界空气污染评估基金会）、世界卫生组织和联合国环境规划署。 PI、Co-I 和项目合作伙伴已经建立了完善的网络，通过员工的时间和专业知识带来了可观的附加值和实物贡献，这将进一步增强这一新伙伴关系的杠杆作用。该项目将召开两场研讨会，一场在澳大利亚，一场在英国，让更广泛的学术界、研究资助机构和政策制定者参与其中，以确保研究成果能够被研究界获取和接受，并为未来的国际跨学科资助提供信息来电。