DEFINING NUTRITIONAL BOTTLENECKS OF REEF CORAL GROWTH AND STRESS TOLERANCE

定义珊瑚礁珊瑚生长和压力耐受性的营养瓶颈

• 批准号: NE/T001364/1
• 负责人: Joerg Wiedenmann
• 金额: $ 69.31万
• 依托单位: University of Southampton
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2020 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FT001364%2F1
• 关键词: DEFINING; NUTRITIONAL; BOTTLENECKS; REEF; CORAL

Among the most charismatic and diverse ecosystems on Earth, coral reefs sustain >25% of all marine biodiversity in only <1% of ocean surface area and the livelihoods of >0.5 billion people. Yet the habitat-building corals are acutely vulnerable to anthropogenic change. Best studied are the threats posed to coral reefs by ocean warming. Perturbations to the natural nutrient environment also represent an existential danger, but why is this the case? This question has old origins. More than 175 years after Charles Darwin's seminal observation, we still lack a convincing mechanistic explanation as to why reef corals thrive, sustaining exceptionally high rates of biological production, in nutrient-poor oceanic regions. The answer is certainly rooted in the symbiotic association between endocellular microalgae ("zooxanthellae") and the coral animal host but the physiological processes involved are far from understood. Recent field studies fundamentally contradict existing models for symbiosis functioning by suggesting that corals source most of their nutrients from the water column as dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) and phosphorus (DIP) but there is no known mechanism for such a process in coral animals. Our work (pilot study results herein) suggests that corals "graze" on their symbiont population, providing a novel mechanism for DIN and DIP transfer to the host. We propose to transform our understanding of nutrient cycling and symbiosis in corals worldwide by testing the grazing hypothesis in ten representative reef-building species.We will: (i) Document DIN and DIP uptake and utilisation by symbiont-grazing through (15N) isotopic labelling and elemental analysis in controlled long-term experiments. ii) Quantify the efficiency of nutrient incorporation by symbiont-grazing versus zooplankton-feeding and compare the resulting effects on coral growth and stress tolerance. iii) Determine how present-day and projected future ocean temperature and pH influence the utilisation of dissolved inorganic nutrients and shape coral growth and symbiosis functioning.We will also undertake a broad range of impact-promoting activities including a knowledge transfer workshop. For this event, we will bring stakeholders in coral reef management and policy development together with leading specialists in coral reef nutrient biology, spatial ecology and biogeochemical modelling to translate our findings into advice for policy makers and coral reef management.

作为地球上最具魅力和多样化的生态系统之一，珊瑚礁在仅不到 1% 的海洋表面积中维持着超过 25% 的海洋生物多样性，并维持着超过 5 亿人的生计。然而，栖息地建造的珊瑚极易受到人为变化的影响。研究最多的是海洋变暖对珊瑚礁造成的威胁。对自然营养环境的干扰也代表着生存危险，但为什么会出现这种情况呢？这个问题有很古老的渊源。查尔斯·达尔文的开创性观察已经过去 175 年多了，我们仍然缺乏令人信服的机制解释来解释为何珊瑚礁在营养贫乏的海洋区域繁衍生息，维持异常高的生物生产力。答案肯定植根于细胞内微藻（“虫黄藻”）和珊瑚动物宿主之间的共生关系，但所涉及的生理过程尚不清楚。最近的实地研究从根本上否定了现有的共生功能模型，认为珊瑚的大部分营养物质来自水体，以溶解的无机氮（DIN）和磷（DIP）的形式存在，但在珊瑚动物中尚无已知的这一过程机制。我们的工作（本文中的试点研究结果）表明珊瑚“吃草”其共生体种群，为 DIN 和 DIP 转移到宿主提供了一种新机制。我们建议通过测试十种代表性造礁物种的放牧假说，转变我们对全球珊瑚养分循环和共生的理解。我们将： (i) 通过 (15N) 同位素标记记录共生体放牧对 DIN 和 DIP 的吸收和利用和受控长期实验中的元素分析。 ii) 量化共生体放牧与浮游动物摄食的养分吸收效率，并比较对珊瑚生长和应激耐受性的影响。 iii) 确定当前和预计未来的海洋温度和 pH 值如何影响溶解无机养分的利用以及塑造珊瑚生长和共生功能。我们还将开展广泛的影响力促进活动，包括知识转让研讨会。在本次活动中，我们将汇集珊瑚礁管理和政策制定方面的利益相关者以及珊瑚礁营养生物学、空间生态学和生物地球化学建模方面的领先专家，将我们的研究结果转化为对政策制定者和珊瑚礁管理的建议。

项目成果

Seabirds boost coral reef resilience.

海鸟增强珊瑚礁的恢复力。

• DOI: http://dx.10.1126/sciadv.adj0390
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Science advances
• 影响因子: 13.6
• 作者: Benkwitt CE

Correction: Impact of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) enrichment and skewed N:P stoichiometry on the skeletal formation and microstructure of symbiotic reef corals

修正：氮 (N) 和磷 (P) 富集和偏态 N:P 化学计量对共生礁珊瑚骨骼形成和微观结构的影响

• DOI: http://dx.10.1007/s00338-023-02379-3
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Coral Reefs
• 影响因子: 3.5
• 作者: Buckingham M

Impact of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) enrichment and skewed N:P stoichiometry on the skeletal formation and microstructure of symbiotic reef corals.

氮 (N) 和磷 (P) 富集和偏态 N:P 化学计量对共生礁珊瑚骨骼形成和微观结构的影响。

• DOI: http://dx.10.1007/s00338-022-02223-0
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Coral reefs (Online)
• 作者: Buckingham MC

Mutualistic dinoflagellates with big disparities in ribosomal DNA variation may confound estimates of symbiont diversity and ecology in the jellyfish Cotylorhiza tuberculata

核糖体 DNA 变异差异巨大的互惠甲藻可能会混淆水母 Cotylorhiza tuberculata 中共生体多样性和生态学的估计

• DOI: http://dx.10.1007/s13199-022-00880-x
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Symbiosis
• 影响因子: 2.5
• 作者: LaJeunesse T

Geochemical responses of scleractinian corals to nutrient stress

石珊瑚对营养胁迫的地球化学反应

• DOI: 10.1016/j.gca.2023.04.011
• 发表时间: 2023-04-01
• 期刊: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: C. St;ish;ish;T. B. Chalk;M. Saeed;F. Lei;M. C. Buckingham;C. D. ’. Angelo;J. Wiedenmann;G. Foster;C. Rollion
• 通讯作者: C. Rollion