CENOSTORE

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• 批准号: NE/W004925/1
• 负责人: Mads Huuse
• 金额: $ 14.93万
• 依托单位: University of Manchester
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2022 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FW004925%2F1
• 关键词: CENOSTORE

The intensification of the global glacial-interglacial cycle at the onset of the Quaternary (~2.6 Ma) was a critical tipping-point in Earth's recent climate history. The increased severity of cold conditions at the Plio-Pleistocene boundary triggered the development of large-scale continental ice sheets in the Northern Hemisphere. Since then, the North Sea Basin (NSB) experienced multiple glacial-interglacial cycles in terrestrial and shallow marine settings. Unlike the onshore record, the NSB uniquely preserves an almost complete record of glacial erosion and deposition from European ice sheets, as well as sediment input from large rivers systems. This dynamic growth and retreat of ice sheets bordering the NSB, and its subsidence history, have resulted in a thick Quaternary sedimentary sequence containing a detailed stratigraphic record of Northern Hemisphere environmental change. Relatively little is known about global Quaternary ice sheet fluctuations except for estimates on global ice volume with poor chronological control. There is evidence that Quaternary ice sheets generated strong feedback loops that subsequently affected the evolution of the global climate system through complex ocean-atmosphere-cryosphere linkages. Thus, the Quaternary sedimentary sequence preserved in the North Sea is a significant palaeo-climate archive capturing environmental changes across millions of years. As the NSB is a mature petroleum basin, it is covered by extensive seismic and borehole data. The NSB is covered by the North Sea which is a shallow (generally <120 m deep) epicontinental sea, deepening towards its northern margin and the Norwegian Channel. The bathymetry requires drilling using a Mission Specific Platform such as a jack-up rig, generally limited to water depths shallower than 120 m. We propose to create a suite of virtual site surveys that push the Quaternary understanding of the NSB by incorporating the wealth of new data and models that have arisen over the past five years since the GLACISTORE proposal. These new data and models provide a much firmer basis for testing overarching hypotheses on climate evolution, drivers and feedbacks and the implications of the late Cenozoic succession for CO2 containment. The new data include some 130,000 km2 of 3D seismic data and many hundreds of boreholes (mainly cuttings and geophysical logs available in the Late Cenozoic). Additionally, recent studies have outlined the main Pleistocene depocentres for the NSB and provide an excellent starting point for determining potential locations for drill sites. The main aim of CenoStore is to recover the highest resolution Quaternary deep shelf record of mid- to mid-high latitude climatic and environmental variation in the eastern Hemisphere. The aim of this virtual site survey is therefore to identify zones of high sediment accumulation rates and stratigraphic completeness in the mud prone lower clinothem slope positions away from submarine channels and fans (readily detectable on 3D seismic attribute maps) with key objectives to: 1) Identify zones (3D areas) of suitable drilling targets in terms of water- and subsurface depth, stratigraphic time, thickness and facies. 2) Construct stratigraphically bound maps of drilling hazards associated with shallow gas or boulders. 3) Identify sites that optimally address scientific objectives (a) whilst being accessible to safely recover in terms of hazards (b) and licensing and infrastructure restrictions. With almost continuous 3D seismic coverage and hundreds of exploration borehole records, the site selection will be very well constrained in terms of target zones and exclusion zones due to hazards, leading to very low risk and high reward sites with a predictable stratigraphic range and completeness, ideal for palaeo-climate reconstructions.

第四纪（〜2.6 mA）开始时，全球冰川间冰周周期的强化是地球最近气候历史上的关键转折点。 Plio-pelyescene边界处冷条件的严重程度的增加引发了北半球大型大陆冰盖的发展。从那时起，北海盆地（NSB）在陆地和浅海环境中经历了多个冰川冰之间的循环。与陆上记录不同，NSB独特地保留了欧洲冰盖的冰川侵蚀和沉积几乎完整的记录，以及大型河流系统的沉积物输入。与NSB接壤的冰盖及其沉降历史的这种动态生长和撤退导致了较厚的第四纪沉积序列，其中包含北半球环境变化的详细地层记录。关于全球第四纪冰片波动的知之甚少，除了对时间顺序控制差的全球冰量的估计。有证据表明，第四纪冰盖产生了强大的反馈回路，随后通过复杂的海洋 - 大气 - 晶体连接影响了全球气候系统的演变。因此，在北海保存的第四纪沉积序列是一个显着的古气候档案，可捕捉数百万年的环境变化。由于NSB是一个成熟的石油盆地，因此被广泛的地震和钻孔数据覆盖。 NSB被北海覆盖，北海是浅（通常<120 m深）的上腹海，深入其北部边缘和挪威海峡。测深的测定法需要使用特定任务平台（例如升空钻机）进行钻孔，通常仅限于水深浅以于120 m。我们建议创建一套虚拟场地调查套件，以通过纳入自Glacistore提案以来过去五年中出现的大量新数据和模型来推动对NSB的第四纪理解。这些新数据和模型为测试气候进化，驱动因素和反馈的总体假设提供了更牢固的基础，以及晚期新生代继承对二氧化碳遏制的影响。新数据包括3D地震数据中的约130,000 km2和数百个钻孔（主要是插曲和地球物理日志，可在晚期的新生代可用）。此外，最近的研究概述了NSB的主要更新世式中心，并为确定钻头的潜在位置提供了极好的起点。 Cenostore的主要目的是恢复东部半球中高纬度气候和环境变化的最高分辨率第四纪深架记录。因此，这项虚拟现场调查的目的是确定高沉积物积累速率和地层完整性的区域，容易发生的下部下坡坡度位置，远离海底渠道和风扇（可以在3D地震属性图上易于检测到具有关键目标）的区域，并以：1）确定厚度和分类时间的厚度钻探目标（3D区域（3D区域））。 2）构造与浅气或巨石相关的钻井危险的地层绑定图。 3）确定最佳解决科学目标的站点（a），同时可以安全地恢复危险（b）以及许可和基础设施限制。凭借几乎连续的3D地震覆盖范围和数百个勘探钻孔记录，由于危害，该地点选择将在目标区域和排除区域受到良好的约束，从而导致非常低的风险和高奖励站点，具有可预测的地层范围和完整性，是对古气候重建的理想选择。