DiHPS - A Distributed Heat Pulse Sensor Network for the quantification of subsurface heat and water fluxes

DiHPS - 用于量化地下热量和水通量的分布式热脉冲传感器网络

• 批准号: NE/P003486/1
• 负责人: Stefan Krause
• 金额: $ 17.21万
• 依托单位: University of Birmingham
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2016 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FP003486%2F1
• 关键词: DiHPS; Distributed; Heat; Pulse; Sensor

We propose the development of a novel, distributed soil moisture and temperature monitoring network that will present a step change from currently available monitoring technologies, which tend to be based on data collection at isolated points in time and space, to real-time, spatially-distributed data collection that enable effective and responsive decision making to deal with rapidly increasing demands in a changing climate.The proposed system will be based on combining Distributed Temperature Sensor (DTS) technology with an active heat source. The so-called Active DTS (A-DTS) allows observing flow-related heating and cooling patterns along the actively heated cable. It is this Distributed Heat Pulse, A-DTS technology that we will use in the development of the proposed Sensor network - DiHPS. While broader applications in heat and water flux assessments will be possible with DiHPS, in this project we will focus on demonstrating its suitability to quantify the moisture content and thermal properties of the soil.Description of the spatial and temporal distribution/ dynamics of these soil parameters is important for many agricultural, engineering and meteorological applications. Soil moisture, for example, is a key state variable in controlling land-atmosphere interactions and an early indicator of changes in the hydrological system, e.g. associated with daily evapotranspiration or event-based recharge cycles or with extreme events (i.e., droughts or floods). It is widely used in agriculture (e.g., irrigation management), forestry (e.g. plantation water demand estimations), meteorology (e.g. local and regional weather forecasts), water resources management (e.g. estimation of groundwater recharge) as well as a state indicator variable in drought / flood early warning systems. Soil thermal properties influence the partitioning of energy within the ground and at the ground surface, and are related to soil temperature and the movement of heat and water within the ground and their transfer across the ground surface. For these reasons, soil physicists, crop scientists and micrometeorologists study thermal properties, and they are also important in engineering applications, (e.g., determining the electric current rating of buried cables, ground heat exchanger design). We will build on earlier work which has demonstrated the principal capacity of A-DTS to measure soil moisture under controlled conditions in a lysimeter facility. We will expand this technology from a single point application to a distributed, real time sensor network and a coiled, vertical A-DTS profiler for measuring soil moisture content and thermal properties at high spatial and temporal resolution. The network and profiler will be tested at TRL4 by installing it at our test site at the Birmingham Institute for Forestry Research (BIFoR). The results will be compared with in-situ soil moisture content and thermal property data from Frequency-Domain Reflectometry (FDR) soil moisture probes and thermal needle probe measurements, respectively. To achieve real-time, autonomous system operation, a set of heating strategies will be tested and initial threshold (trigger values) will be defined. These will define at what change in soil temperature, as observed by continuous temperature observation in DTS passive mode, initiation/cessation of the DTS active mode will be triggered. A key component of DiHPS is the real-time control for triggering the change from active to passive observation mode. This will require the development of a set of algorithms, based on inverse modelling and asymptotic approaches, which can process the raw DTS data in real-time to provide the required outputs. No existing DTS-application attempts to provide temperature or soil moisture data temperature in such detail and in real-time. If successful, we anticipate a step change in the way DTS is employed, e.g. in early warning systems or for providing detailed process understanding.

我们建议开发一种新型的分布式土壤湿度和温度监测网络，该网络将实现从当前可用的监测技术（往往基于时间和空间上孤立点的数据收集）向实时、空间上的监测技术的逐步转变。分布式数据收集，能够做出有效且响应迅速的决策，以应对气候变化中快速增长的需求。所提出的系统将基于分布式温度传感器（DTS）技术与主动热源的结合。所谓的主动 DTS (A-DTS) 允许沿着主动加热电缆观察与流动相关的加热和冷却模式。我们将在开发拟议的传感器网络 - DiHPS 时使用这种分布式热脉冲 A-DTS 技术。虽然 DiHPS 在热和水通量评估方面可能有更广泛的应用，但在这个项目中，我们将重点展示其量化土壤水分含量和热特性的适用性。这些土壤参数的空间和时间分布/动态的描述对于许多农业、工程和气象应用都很重要。例如，土壤湿度是控制陆地-大气相互作用的关键状态变量，也是水文系统变化的早期指标。与每日蒸散量或基于事件的补给周期或极端事件（即干旱或洪水）相关。它广泛应用于农业（例如灌溉管理）、林业（例如种植园需水量估计）、气象学（例如地方和区域天气预报）、水资源管理（例如地下水补给估计）以及国家指标变量干旱/洪水预警系统。土壤热特性影响地下和地表的能量分配，并与土壤温度以及地下热量和水的运动及其在地表的传递有关。由于这些原因，土壤物理学家、作物科学家和微气象学家研究热特性，它们在工程应用中也很重要（例如，确定埋地电缆的额定电流、地下热交换器设计）。我们将在早期工作的基础上开展工作，该工作已证明 A-DTS 在蒸渗仪设施的受控条件下测量土壤湿度的主要能力。我们将把这项技术从单点应用扩展到分布式实时传感器网络和线圈式垂直 A-DTS 剖面仪，用于以高空间和时间分辨率测量土壤水分含量和热特性。网络和分析器将安装在伯明翰林业研究所 (BIFoR) 的测试站点，进行 TRL4 测试。结果将分别与频域反射计 (FDR) 土壤湿度探头和热针探头测量的现场土壤含水量和热特性数据进行比较。为了实现实时、自主的系统运行，将测试一组加热策略并定义初始阈值（触发值）。这些将定义在 DTS 被动模式下连续温度观测所观察到的土壤温度变化时，将触发 DTS 主动模式的启动/停止。 DiHPS 的一个关键组成部分是用于触发从主动观察模式到被动观察模式转变的实时控制。这需要开发一套基于逆向建模和渐进方法的算法，可以实时处理原始 DTS 数据以提供所需的输出。现有的 DTS 应用程序还没有尝试提供如此详细且实时的温度或土壤湿度数据。如果成功，我们预计 DTS 的使用方式将发生重大变化，例如用于早期预警系统或提供详细的过程理解。

项目成果

High-Resolution Monitoring of Soil Water Dynamics in a Vegetated Hillslope by Active Distributed Temperature Sensing. Abstract AGU Fall Meeting 2016

通过主动分布式温度传感对植被山坡土壤水动态进行高分辨率监测。

• 发表时间: 2016
• 作者: Ciocca F.

The method controls the story - Sampling method impacts on the detection of pore-water nitrogen concentrations in streambeds.

该方法控制了故事 - 采样方法对河床孔隙水氮浓度检测的影响。

• DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136075
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: The Science of the total environment
• 作者: Comer-Warner S

Using Actively Heated Fibre Optics (AHFO) to determine soil thermal conductivity and soil moisture content at high spatial and temporal resolution

使用主动加热光纤 (AHFO) 以高空间和时间分辨率确定土壤热导率和土壤水分含量

• 发表时间: 2017
• 期刊: EGU General Assembly Conference Abstracts
• 作者: Ciocca Francesco

Identification of floodplain and riverbed sediment heterogeneity in a meandering UK lowland stream by ground penetrating radar

利用探地雷达识别英国蜿蜒低地溪流中的漫滩和河床沉积物异质性

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jappgeo.2019.103863
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: Journal of Applied Geophysics
• 影响因子: 2
• 作者: Dara R

Controls on soil moisture temporal and spatial variability on a recently forested hill slope

对最近森林覆盖的山坡土壤湿度时空变化的控制

• 发表时间: 2018
• 作者: Abesser, C