Reconstructing intermediate and deep ocean circulation during the Pliocene warm period

重建上新世温暖期的中层和深层海洋环流

• 批准号: NE/N015045/2
• 负责人: Heather Ford
• 金额: $ 39.23万
• 依托单位: Queen Mary University of London
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Fellowship
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2018 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FN015045%2F2
• 关键词: Reconstructing; intermediate; deep; ocean; circulation

The ocean is absorbing much of the heat and carbon dioxide emissions introduced to the climate system today by human activity. However, long-term impacts of the 'experiment' we are currently carrying out with our planet earth are poorly understood. Approximately three million years ago, during the Pliocene warm period, temperatures were elevated over modern levels and atmospheric carbon dioxide levels were similar to today. This past era could present clues to future climate change and a key response we would like to understand is how ocean circulation will function in a warmer world. Today, surface waters in the North Atlantic become denser than the surrounding water and sink to the ocean's interior forming a deep-water mass as part of Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation. This Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation plays a major role in global climate and climate/weather in the United Kingdom. The North Pacific on the other hand is too fresh, and hence no deep waters are formed there today. The configuration of deep ocean circulation during the Pliocene is unclear: some fossil evidence suggests that Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation was strong, whereas climate models suggest Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation was weak and a Pacific Meridional Overturning Circulation occurred in the North Pacific. This disagreement has profound implications for heat transport and the cycling of carbon, oxygen, and nutrients throughout the oceans. To address this data-model mismatch, this project aims to reconstruct intermediate and deep-water circulation in the Atlantic and Pacific during the Pliocene warm period using the chemistry of microfossils found within marine sediment. These records will then be compared to state of the art climate models for the Pliocene to help understand the climate dynamics important in maintaining Pliocene warmth. These records will help characterize heat transport, carbon cycling and intermediate to deep ocean circulation during a globally warm climate state and may help identify some of the long-term consequences of global warming.

海洋吸收了当今人类活动引入气候系统引入的许多热量和二氧化碳排放。但是，我们目前正在使用地球进行的“实验”对“实验”的长期影响知之甚少。大约三百万年前，在上新世温暖时期，在现代水平上的温度升高，大气二氧化碳水平与今天相似。这个过去的时代可以为未来的气候变化提供线索，我们想了解的是海洋流通在温暖的世界中如何运作。如今，北大西洋的地表水比周围的水变得密集，并沉入海洋的内部，形成了深水质量，这是大西洋子午线翻转循环的一部分。这个大西洋子午倾覆的循环在英国的全球气候和气候/天气中起着重要作用。另一方面，北太平洋太新鲜了，因此今天在那里没有形成深水。在上新世期间深海循环的构型尚不清楚：一些化石证据表明，大西洋子午倾覆的循环量很强，而气候模型表明大西洋子午线倾覆循环较弱，太平洋子午线倒闭了北太平洋的循环。这种分歧对整个海洋中的碳，氧气和营养物质的循环具有深远的影响。为了解决此数据模型不匹配，该项目旨在使用在海洋沉积物中发现的微化石的化学性质来重建大西洋和太平洋中的中间和深水循环。然后将这些记录与上新世的最先进的气候模型进行比较，以帮助了解对维持上新世温暖重要的气候动态。这些记录将有助于在全球温暖的气候状态下进行热运输，碳循环和中间至深海循环的特征，并可能有助于确定全球变暖的一些长期后果。

项目成果

Evaluating the Drivers of Quaternary Dust Fluxes to the Western North Pacific: East Asian Dustiness and Northern Hemisphere Gustiness

• DOI: 10.1029/2022pa004571
• 发表时间: 2023-08
• 期刊: Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology
• 影响因子: 3.5
• 作者: J. Abell;G. Winckler;A. Pullen;C. Kinsley;P. Kapp;J. Middleton;F. Pavia;D. McGee;H. Ford;M. Raymo

Sustained mid-Pliocene warmth led to deep water formation in the North Pacific

• DOI: 10.1038/s41561-022-00978-3
• 发表时间: 2022-07
• 期刊: Nature Geoscience
• 影响因子: 18.3
• 作者: H. Ford;N. Burls;P. Jacobs;A. Jahn;R. Caballero-Gill;D. Hodell;A. Fedorov

Women from some minorities get too few talks comment

• DOI: 10.1038/d41586-019-03688-w
• 发表时间: 2019-12-05
• 期刊: NATURE
• 影响因子: 64.8
• 作者: Ford, Heather L.;Brick, Cameron;Dekens, Petra
• 通讯作者: Dekens, Petra

The accuracy of mid-Pliocene d18O-based ice volume and sea level reconstructions

基于 d18O 的上新世中期冰量和海平面重建的准确性

• DOI: 10.1016/j.earscirev.2017.11.022
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: Earth-Science Reviews
• 影响因子: 12.1
• 作者: Raymo M

Pliocene decoupling of equatorial Pacific temperature and pH gradients

• DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03884-7
• 发表时间: 2021-10
• 期刊: Nature
• 影响因子: 64.8
• 作者: M. Shankle;N. Burls;A. Fedorov;M. Thomas;Wei Liu;D. Penman;H. Ford;Peter H Jacobs;N. Planavsky-N.