CO-ORDINATING AND PUMP-PRIMING INTERNATIONAL EFFORTS FOR DIRECT MONITORING OF ACTIVE TURBIDITY CURRENTS AT GLOBAL 'TEST SITES'

协调并推动国际努力直接监测全球“试验点”的主动浊度流

基本信息

批准号：
NE/M017540/2
负责人：
Peter Talling
金额：
$ 36.29万
依托单位：
Durham University
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2016 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FM017540%2F2
关键词：
CO ORDINATING PUMP PRIMING INTERNATIONAL

项目摘要

Turbidity currents are the volumetrically most import process for sediment transport on our planet. A single submarine flow can transport ten times the annual sediment flux from all of the world's rivers, and they form the largest sediment accumulations on Earth (submarine fans). These flows break strategically important seafloor cable networks that carry > 95% of global data traffic, including the internet and financial markets, and threaten expensive seabed infrastructure used to recover oil and gas. Ancient flows form many deepwater subsurface oil and gas reservoirs in locations worldwide. It is sobering to note quite how few direct measurements we have from submarine flows in action, which is a stark contrast to other major sediment transport processes such as rivers. Sediment concentration is the most fundamental parameter for documenting what turbidity currents are, and it has never been measured for flows that reach submarine fans. How then do we know what type of flow to model in flume tanks, or which assumptions to use to formulate numerical or analytical models? There is a compelling need to monitor flows directly if we are to make step changes in understanding. The flows evolve significantly, such that source to sink data is needed, and we need to monitor flows in different settings because their character can vary significantly. This project will coordinate and pump-prime international efforts to monitor turbidity currents in action. Work will be focussed around key 'test sites' that capture the main types of flows and triggers. The objective is to build up complete source-to-sink information at key sites, rather than producing more incomplete datasets in disparate locations. Test sites are chosen where flows are known to be active - occurring on annual or shorter time scale, where previous work provides a basis for future projects, and where there is access to suitable infrastructure (e.g. vessels). The initial test sites include turbidity current systems fed by rivers, where the river enters marine or freshwater, and where plunging ('hyperpycnal') river floods are common or absent. They also include locations that produce powerful flows that reach the deep ocean and build submarine fans. The project is novel because there has been no comparable network established for monitoring turbidity currentsNumerical and laboratory modelling will also be needed to understand the significance of the field observations, and our aim is also to engage modellers in the design and analysis of monitoring datasets. This work will also help to test the validity of various types of model. We will collect sediment cores and seismic data to study the longer term evolution of systems, and the more infrequent types of flow. Understanding how deposits are linked to flows is important for outcrop and subsurface oil and gas reservoir geologists.This proposal is timely because of recent efforts to develop novel technology for monitoring flows that hold great promise. This suite of new technology is needed because turbidity currents can be extremely powerful (up to 20 m/s) and destroy sensors placed on traditional moorings on the seafloor. This includes new sensors, new ways of placing those sensors above active flows or in near-bed layers, and new ways of recovering data via autonomous gliders. Key preliminary data are lacking in some test sites, such as detailed bathymetric base-maps or seismic datasets. Our final objective is to fill in key gaps in 'site-survey' data to allow larger-scale monitoring projects to be submitted in the future.This project will add considerable value to an existing NERC Grant to monitor flows in Monterey Canyon in 2014-2017, and a NERC Industry Fellowship hosted by submarine cable operators. Talling is PI for two NERC Standard Grants, a NERC Industry Fellowship and NERC Research Programme Consortium award. He is also part of a NERC Centre, and thus fulfils all four criteria for the scheme.

浊流是在我们星球上沉积物传输的最大进口过程。单一的海底流可以从世界上所有河流中运输10倍的年度沉积物通量，它们构成了地球上最大的沉积物堆积（潜艇风扇）。这些流量破坏了战略上重要的海底电缆网络，占全球数据流量的95％，包括互联网和金融市场，并威胁着用于恢复石油和天然气的昂贵海床基础设施。古老的流动形成了全球许多深水地下油和天然气储藏室。令人震惊的是要注意我们从行动中的海底流中进行的直接测量很少，这与其他主要的沉积物运输过程（如河流）形成了鲜明的对比。沉积物浓度是记录什么是浊流的最基本参数，并且从未针对接触海底风扇的流量进行测量。那么，我们如何知道在Flume Tanks中使用哪种模型的流量，或用于制定数值或分析模型的假设？如果我们要在理解中进行步骤更改，则需要直接监视流量。流量显着发展，因此需要到下沉数据的来源，我们需要在不同的设置中监视流量，因为它们的特征可能会有很大的变化。该项目将协调和泵送国际的努力，以监视行动中的浊流。工作将集中在关键的“测试站点”上，以捕获流量和触发器的主要类型。目的是在关键站点上建立完整的源信息，而不是在不同位置产生更多不完整的数据集。选择已知流量活跃的地方 - 每年或更短的时间尺度发生，以前的工作为将来的项目提供了基础，并且可以使用合适的基础设施（例如船只）。最初的测试地点包括河流喂食的浊流系统，河流进入海洋或淡水，以及泛滥（“超胸腺”）河流洪水很常见或不存在。它们还包括产生强大的流量到深海并建立海底迷的位置。该项目之所以新颖，是因为没有建立可比较的网络来监视浊流，也需要实验室建模来了解现场观察的重要性，我们的目的也是让建模者参与监视数据集的设计和分析。这项工作还将有助于测试各种模型的有效性。我们将收集沉积物核心和地震数据，以研究系统的长期演变以及流量的较少类型。了解沉积物与流量如何相关的流动对于露头和地下石油和天然气储层地质学家很重要。该提案及时是因为最近为监测具有巨大希望的新技术而努力。需要这套新技术，因为浊流可能非常强大（多达20 m/s），并破坏位于海底传统系泊设备上的传感器。这包括新的传感器，将这些传感器放置在活动流或近床层上的新方法，以及通过自动滑翔机恢复数据的新方法。某些测试站点缺乏关键的初步数据，例如详细的测深碱图或地震数据集。我们的最终目标是填补“站点调查”数据中的关键空白，以允许将来提交大规模的监视项目。该项目将为现有的NERC赠款增加可观的价值，以监视2014 - 2017年蒙特雷峡谷的流量，以及由少量电缆运营商托管的NERC行业奖学金。 Talling是两项NERC标准赠款，NERC行业奖学金和NERC研究计划联盟奖的PI。他也是NERC中心的一部分，因此符合该计划的所有四个标准。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（10）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Newly recognized turbidity current structure can explain prolonged flushing of submarine canyons.

DOI：
10.1126/sciadv.1700200
发表时间：
2017-10
期刊：
Science advances
影响因子：
13.6
作者：
Azpiroz-Zabala M;Cartigny MJB;Talling PJ;Parsons DR;Sumner EJ;Clare MA;Simmons SM;Cooper C;Pope EL
通讯作者：
Pope EL

Submarine Mass Movements and their Consequences - 7th International Symposium

潜艇质量运动及其后果 - 第七届国际研讨会

DOI：
10.1007/978-3-319-20979-1_14
发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
0
作者：
Krastel S
通讯作者：
Krastel S

A General Model for the Helical Structure of Geophysical Flows in Channel Bends

DOI：
10.1002/2017gl075721
发表时间：
2017-12
期刊：
Geophysical Research Letters
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
M. Azpiroz-Zabala;M. Cartigny;E. Sumner;M. Clare;P. Talling;D. Parsons;C. Cooper
通讯作者：
M. Azpiroz-Zabala;M. Cartigny;E. Sumner;M. Clare;P. Talling;D. Parsons;C. Cooper

Which Triggers Produce the Most Erosive, Frequent, and Longest Runout Turbidity Currents on Deltas?