ENERGY BALANCE AND INSULIN SENSITIVITY

能量平衡和胰岛素敏感性

• 批准号: 6098543
• 负责人: Joseph W. Kemnitz
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-04-01 至 1999-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6098543
• 关键词: Macaca mulatta; adipose tissue; aging; bioenergetics; biological models; blood glucose; caloric dietary content; dietary restriction; fasting; gender difference; glucose transport; hormone regulation /control mechanism; insulin; insulin sensitivity /resistance; striated muscles

Dietary restriction (DR) consistently slows the rate of aging, while reducing the incidence and delaying the onset of age-related disease in nonprimate species. The goal of this program is to determine the effects of DR on aging and disease in rhesus monkeys. This component research project is designed to evaluate the impact on DR on the regulation of metabolism during aging from an integrative, physiologic standpoint. Body composition and distribution of body fat will be measured and related to insulin sensitivity and to insulin and glucose levels. The relationship on insulin levels to metabolic rate will be assessed. The following hypotheses will be tested: 1) DR will result in reductions in body weight, body fat and lean body mass, followed by stabilization at lower levels. These changes will be accompanied by sustained alternations in both the level and efficiency of energy utilization. 2) DR-association changes in glucoregulation and metabolic rate represent fundamental aging processes that are at least partially independent of changes in body composition, and consequently will be associated with other measures of biologic aging. In this context, elucidating the effects of aging and DR on glucose, via nonenzymatic glycosylation of proteins and DNA, is a general mediator of age-related change. This project will also probe the cellular mechanisms of increased insulin sensitivity with DR using studies of the GLUT-4 glucose transporter levels in skeletal muscle. Improved understanding of the hyperinsulinemia and elevated glucose levels characteristic of middle age is important, because these conditions are associated with a greater risk for many age-related diseases, including hypertension, cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, peripheral vascular disease, glaucoma, cataract, and nephropathy.

饮食限制（DR）持续减缓衰老速度，同时 减少与年龄有关的疾病的发生率并延缓其发作 非灵长类物种。 该计划的目标是确定效果 DR 对恒河猴衰老和疾病的影响。 该成分研究 该项目旨在评估 DR 对监管的影响 从综合生理学的角度来看，衰老过程中的新陈代谢。 将测量身体成分和身体脂肪的分布， 与胰岛素敏感性以及胰岛素和血糖水平有关。 这 将评估胰岛素水平与代谢率的关系。 这 将检验以下假设： 1) DR 将导致 体重、体脂和去脂体重，然后稳定在 较低的水平。 这些变化将伴随着持续的 能源利用水平和效率的交替。 2） 葡萄糖调节和代谢率的 DR 相关变化代表 基本的老化过程至少部分独立于 身体成分的变化，因此将与 其他生物衰老指标。 在此背景下，阐明 衰老和 DR 对葡萄糖的影响，通过非酶糖基化 蛋白质和 DNA 是与年龄相关的变化的一般介质。 这 项目还将探讨胰岛素增加的细胞机制 使用 GLUT-4 葡萄糖转运蛋白研究的 DR 敏感性 骨骼肌的水平。 增进了对 高胰岛素血症和血糖水平升高是中年人的特征 很重要，因为这些条件与更大的风险相关 治疗许多与年龄相关的疾病，包括高血压、心血管疾病 疾病、脑血管疾病、周围血管疾病、青光眼、 白内障、肾病。