3-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF SYNAPSES

突触的三维结构和功能

• 批准号: 6186173
• 负责人: KRISTEN M HARRIS
• 金额: $ 17.45万
• 依托单位: BOSTON UNIVERSITY (CHARLES RIVER CAMPUS)
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-09-30 至 2002-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6186173
• 关键词: Internet; bioimaging /biomedical imaging; calcium channel; calcium flux; computational neuroscience; computer human interaction; computer program /software; dendrites; developmental neurobiology; electron microscopy; hippocampus; information systems; interactive multimedia; laboratory rat; long term potentiation; mathematical model; neural plasticity; neuroanatomy; neurophysiology; phosphatidylinositols; psychic activity level; second messengers; spine; squirrel; synapses; technology /technique development

DESCRIPTION (Taken from application abstract): This project is directed at understanding the structure and function of synapses in the developing and mature brain, by quantitative and three-dimensional analysis of the structure, connectivity, and plasticity of presynaptic, postsynaptic, and glial elements. Such knowledge subserves understanding of the role of synaptic abnormalities in mental retardation. The informatics objective is to improve the methods of quantitative analysis and availability of anatomical data at the ultrastructural level by: 1. Developing an internet-accessible repository of synaptic and perisynaptic anatomy that will serve as a community resource for connecting the molecular and neuron levels of analyses. 2. Developing software for the public-domain that is internet accessible and third-party extensible to support and facilitate input and output of the database. 3. Improving the speed and accuracy of acquisition, alignment, calibration, segmentation, and 3D reconstruction of serial electron microscope sections from brain. 4. Developing software tools for quantitative comparison of different pre- and postsynaptic geometries and patterns of connectivity. The brain research objective is to test how synaptic structures can regulate synaptic function during development and plasticity by: 1. Investigating how synaptic and perisynaptic anatomy, change during development, during maintenance of slices in vitro, and during long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD). 2. Examining how synaptic and perisynaptic anatomy differs during different levels of brain activity (hibernation, arousal, and wakeful activity). 3. Investigating the quantitative changes in spine and dendritic calcium due to activation of receptors coupled to the phosphoinositide second messenger system and determining the role this calcium signal plays in different types of synaptic plasticity (LTP, LTD, hibernation) using anatomical models from the database.

描述（摘自申请摘要）：该项目针对 了解突触在发育和发育过程中的结构和功能 成熟的大脑，通过定量和三维分析 突触前、突触后和突触的结构、连通性和可塑性 胶质元素。 这些知识有助于理解 精神发育迟滞的突触异常。 信息学的目标是 改进定量分析方法和可用性 超微结构水平的解剖数据： 1. 开发 可通过互联网访问的突触和突触周围解剖结构存储库 将作为连接分子和神经元的社区资源 分析水平。 2. 为公共领域开发软件 可访问互联网并可通过第三方扩展来支持和促进 数据库的输入和输出。 3. 提高速度和准确度 采集、对齐、校准、分割和 3D 重建 大脑的连续电子显微镜切片。 4. 开发软件 用于定量比较不同突触前和突触后的工具 连接的几何形状和模式。 大脑研究的目标是测试突触结构如何调节 通过以下方式研究发育和可塑性过程中的突触功能： 1. 研究 突触和突触周围的解剖结构在发育过程中如何变化 体外切片的维持以及长期增强 (LTP) 和 长期抑郁症（LTD）。 2. 检查突触和突触周围如何 不同水平的大脑活动（冬眠、 唤醒和清醒活动）。 3. 量变研究 由于与受体偶联的激活，在脊柱和树突状钙中 磷酸肌醇第二信使系统及其作用的测定 钙信号在不同类型的突触可塑性中发挥作用（LTP、LTD、 冬眠）使用数据库中的解剖模型。