A United Kingdom Lake Ecological Observatory Network

英国湖泊生态观测站网络

• 批准号: NE/I007407/1
• 负责人: Ian Jones
• 金额: $ 74.44万
• 依托单位: NERC CEH (Up to 30.11.2019)
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2011 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FI007407%2F1
• 关键词: United; Kingdom; Lake; Ecological; Observatory

Lake systems play a fundamental role in storing and providing freshwater and food, in supporting recreation and in protecting species diversity. However, the stability of these ecosystem services can be undermined by the increased demands society makes upon these systems and changes in atmospheric composition and lake water balance that arise through a societal-mediated changing climate. To safeguard against such loss of functioning there is in place legally-binding national and European directives that set stringent targets for water quality and biodiversity. Meeting these targets requires a detailed understanding of lake processes that in turn requires measurements at an appropriate temporal scale. Traditional monitoring, of at best weekly-fortnightly intervals, is sufficient to record seasonal change but cannot resolve the processes driving many aspects of lake function. To resolve these processes we need to 'hear every note in the full symphony of lake functioning', with such resolution only viable through semi-continuous measurement of parameters that are key reflectors of lake functioning. We are fortunate that deployed in eleven lakes across the UK, of different size, altitude, latitude and nutrient status, are basic systems automated to make such measurements, Automatic Water Quality Monitoring Stations (AWQMS). However at present, most buoys are restricted to a meteorological station and temperature measurements. A few have other probes to measure water quality, but these are subject to biofouling which could compromise the data. At present, the data are mainly downloaded by telemetry to the host-site via a range of procedures. Thus we are not utilising advances in data-logger-, computer- and sensor-technology to measure automatically at high frequency and 'hear the full symphony'. We propose to change this by installing stable, state-of-the-art sensor technology, with mechanical devices to minimise biofouling. Further, we will maximise the value of generating this high frequency data by linking together the lakes in a sensor network to deliver quality-controlled data onto the internet for analysis by project partners, the wider scientific community and the general public. Such infrastructure investment needs to reflect the need for high quality measurement from science-driven agendas. We will demonstrate such a network supports these agendas through the following projects: DST1: Real-time forecasting of lake behaviour: We will incorporate the real-time data available from the sensor network into a forecast system for lake phytoplankton behaviour and, in particular, to provide warning for the onset of phytoplankton blooms. DST2: The effect of meteorology on the fate of carbon within lakes: We will track pool and flux variability of dissolved carbon dioxide over daily to seasonal time scales. By relating these measurements to meteorological and within-lake physico-chemical measurements within and between sites we are better equipped to define critical controls on the lake carbon cycle. DST3: The level of regional coherence in sub-seasonal timescales: Lakes can show a regionally coherent response e.g. strong links exist between air and surface water temperature; large-scale weather patterns such as the position of north wall of the Gulf Stream have also been shown to influence directly the regional coherence of lakes. Use of high resolution data to examine coherence in lake temperatures has just begun but as yet no-one has investigated coherence of biological, chemical or wider physical variables on these short time-scales, an approach which is viable through this network. In summary, this sensor network of AWQMSs, offering detail of observation through high resolution data generation and the new instrumentation will demonstrate not only the value of observing the environment remotely and in detail, but the benefit from integration systems to offer real advances in environmental science.

湖系统在储存和提供淡水和食物，支持娱乐和保护物种多样性方面发挥了基本作用。但是，这些生态系统服务的稳定性可能会因社会对这些制度的需求增加以及大气组成和湖水平衡的变化而损害，这是通过社会介导的气候变化而产生的。为了防止这种失去运作的损失，有合法结合的国家和欧洲指令为水质和生物多样性设定了严格的目标。满足这些目标需要对湖泊过程的详细理解，而湖泊过程又需要在适当的时间范围内进行测量。传统的监测是最佳每周四周间的间隔，足以记录季节性变化，但无法解决推动湖泊功能许多方面的过程。为了解决这些过程，我们需要“听到湖泊功能的完整交响曲中的每一个音符”，仅通过半连续测量的参数是湖泊功能的关键反射镜，这种分辨率才能可行。我们很幸运，在英国的11个湖泊中部署，高度，高度，纬度和养分状态是自动进行此类测量的基本系统，自动水质监测站（AWQMS）。然而，目前，大多数浮标仅限于气象站和温度测量。一些还有其他探针来测量水质，但是这些探针可能会受到生物污染，这可能会损害数据。目前，数据主要通过遥测通过一系列过程下载到主机站点。因此，我们并没有利用数据遗传学，计算机和传感器技术的进步来高频自动测量和“听到完整的交响曲”。我们建议通过安装稳定的，最先进的传感器技术，并使用机械设备来最大程度地减少生物污染。此外，我们将通过将传感器网络中的湖泊链接在一起，以将质量控制的数据连接到Internet上，以通过项目合作伙伴，更广泛的科学界和公众分析，从而最大程度地发挥了产生此高频数据的价值。这种基础设施投资需要反映出以科学为导向的议程对高质量衡量的需求。我们将通过以下项目来证明这样的网络支持这些议程：DST1：对湖泊行为的实时预测：我们将将传感器网络中可用的实时数据纳入浮游植物湖行为的预测系统，尤其是为浮游植物盛开的发作提供警告。 DST2：气象对湖泊内碳命运的影响：我们将每天跟踪二氧化碳溶解的碳溶解和通量变异性，每天到季节性时间尺度。通过将这些测量与位点内外的气象和湖内物理化学测量相关联，我们可以更好地适应湖碳循环的关键控制。 DST3：次级时间尺度中的区域连贯性水平：湖泊可以显示区域连贯的响应，例如空气和地表水温之间存在牢固的联系；大规模的天气模式，例如墨西哥湾溪流的北壁位置也已被证明会直接影响湖泊的区域连贯性。使用高分辨率数据检查湖泊温度的连贯性刚刚开始，但迄今为止，还没有人研究了这些短时间的生物，化学或更广泛的物理变量的连贯性，这种方法是通过该网络可行的方法。总而言之，这个AWQMS的传感器网络，通过高分辨率数据生成和新仪器提供观察的细节，不仅将展示远程和详细观察环境的价值，而且还将展示集成系统的好处，以提供环境科学的真正进步。

项目成果

Physical and chemical impacts of a major storm on a temperate lake: a taste of things to come?

• DOI: 10.1007/s10584-018-2302-3
• 发表时间: 2018-10
• 期刊: Climatic Change
• 影响因子: 4.8
• 作者: R. Woolway;John H. Simpson;David Spiby;H. Feuchtmayr;B. Powell;S. Maberly

The under-ice microbiome of seasonally frozen lakes

• DOI: 10.4319/lo.2013.58.6.1998
• 发表时间: 2013-11-01
• 期刊: LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY
• 影响因子: 4.5
• 作者: Bertilsson, Stefan;Burgin, Amy;Smyth, Robyn L.
• 通讯作者: Smyth, Robyn L.

Adaptive forecasting of phytoplankton communities.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.01.046
• 发表时间: 2018-05
• 期刊: Water research
• 影响因子: 12.8
• 作者: T. Page;Paul Smith;Paul Smith;K. Beven;I. D. Jones;J. Elliott;S. Maberly;E. Mackay;M. D. Ville;H. Feuchtmayr

Consequences of gas flux model choice on the interpretation of metabolic balance across 15 lakes

气体通量模型选择对 15 个湖泊代谢平衡解释的影响

• DOI: 10.5268/iw-6.4.836
• 发表时间: 2016
• 期刊: INLAND WATERS
• 影响因子: 3.1
• 作者: Dugan Hilary A.

Understanding the transfer of contemporary temperature signals into lake sediments via paired oxygen isotope ratios in carbonates and diatom silica: Problems and potential

了解通过碳酸盐和硅藻二氧化硅中成对的氧同位素比率将当代温度信号转移到湖泊沉积物中：问题和潜力

• DOI: 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2020.119705
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Chemical Geology
• 影响因子: 3.9
• 作者: Ryves D