High density temperature measurements within the urban environment (HiTemp)

城市环境中的高密度温度测量 (HiTemp)

• 批准号: NE/I006915/1
• 负责人: Lee Chapman
• 金额: $ 77.76万
• 依托单位: University of Birmingham
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2011 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FI006915%2F1
• 关键词: density; temperature; measurements; within; urban

The Urban Heat Island (UHI) is a direct consequence of anthropogenic influences on our local climate. Many studies have been devoted to the study of UHI extent and magnitude, as well as the impacts increased urban temperatures have on meteorology, climatology, human health and society. Although the UHI phenomenon is well documented and studies have increased our understanding, the basic measurement of temperatures across urban areas remains very limited. Birmingham is the UK's second most populous city, with a population in excess of 1 million people and a well defined UHI. However, Birmingham has only two climate stations which when linked with the complex heterogeneous urban morphology results in extremely poor data coverage. The overall aim of this project is to provide a demonstration sensor network designed to measure air temperature across the Birmingham conurbation. This aim will be met by the following objectives: 1. Instrument Birmingham via nested arrays of sensors comprising of the following: a Coarse array of 29 weather stations across Birmingham located in secure primary electrical substations b Wide area array consisting of 131 Wi-Fi air and humidity sensors located at schools across the conurbation (1 per ONS Super Output Area) c Fine scale array covering the Central Business District and consisting of approx. 50 sensors per square kilometre 2. Analyse, process and make available the data sets to the user community. Data will be made available for analysis on web-based GIS platforms to inform decision-makers and the wider user community including schools and colleges. 3. To instigate knowledge exchange with industry and decision-makers. The proposed sensor network would provide an unparalleled data set that would benefit many users including project partners. Users are at the heart of this proposal. Academic investigators on this project already have two established Knowledge Transfer Partnerships with project partners who will directly benefit form the data collected during this project: 1. KTP with EON Central Networks to investigate power-grid/temperature dependency in Birmingham (TSB/NERC funded) 2. KTP with Birmingham City Council to investigate environmental risk (e.g. Urban Heat and Flooding) at a neighbourhood scale (TSB/NERC funded) Both these partners are committed to this project and are crucial to the success of establishing the network. EON Central Networks will provide access to the secure sites across the conurbation where as Birmingham City Council will be instrumental in the installation of the sensors on council owned lighting columns. The majority of the equipment will also be procured from project partners on specially negotiated deals. The University has recently completed a KTP with Campbell Scientific Ltd who will be responsible for the coarse array of weather stations where as Aginova Inc. are the technical partners responsible for the Wi-Fi sensors. This is an ambitious project which seeks to provide three different sensor networks at three different scales. A unique selling point of this proposal is the strengthening of already mature partnerships, where as collaboration with SI-KTN will further ensure future engagement activities with new partners. In summary, data from this project will be instrumental in answering key research questions currently under investigation such as what is the impact of the current and future climate on the people and infrastructure of a major conurbation.

城市热岛（UHI）是人为影响我们当地气候的直接结果。许多研究都致力于对UHI的程度和数量级的研究，以及增加城市温度对气象，气候，人类健康和社会的影响。尽管UHI现象已经有充分的文献记载，并且研究提高了我们的理解，但对整个城市地区温度的基本测量仍然非常有限。伯明翰是英国第二大人口的城市，人口超过100万人，有明确的UHI。但是，伯明翰只有两个气候站，与复杂的异质城市形态相关时，数据覆盖率极差。该项目的总体目的是提供一个旨在测量整个伯明翰岛化的空气温度的演示传感器网络。 This aim will be met by the following objectives: 1. Instrument Birmingham via nested arrays of sensors comprising of the following: a Coarse array of 29 weather stations across Birmingham located in secure primary electrical substations b Wide area array consisting of 131 Wi-Fi air and humidity sensors located at schools across the conurbation (1 per ONS Super Output Area) c Fine scale array covering the Central Business District and consisting of approx.每平方公里20个传感器2。分析，处理并提供给用户社区的数据集。数据将用于基于Web的GIS平台的分析，以告知决策者和更广泛的用户社区，包括学校和大学。 3。促进与行业和决策者的知识交流。拟议的传感器网络将提供无与伦比的数据集，该数据集将使包括项目合作伙伴在内的许多用户受益。用户是该建议的核心。该项目的学术研究者已经与项目合作伙伴建立了两个建立的知识转移伙伴关系，他们将直接受益于该项目期间收集的数据：1。KTP与EON中央网络一起调查伯明翰的动力网/温度依赖性（TSB/NERC资助）2。KTP与伯明翰市议会一起调查环境风险（例如，这些环境风险）（例如，这些阶段）（例如，这些范围）（例如，这些范围）（例如，这些范围）（例如，在脉络上（the）（the）（例如，任何范围）（the Complate and therec）（the）（the）（例如/efters）（例如，这些范围（the）（the）（例如，均供应量/地区（TSB）（tsb）。项目，对于建立网络的成功至关重要。 EON Central Networks将提供对整个CONURBATION的安全站点的访问权限，因为伯明翰市议会将在议会拥有的照明柱上安装传感器。项目合作伙伴还将以特殊谈判的交易从项目合作伙伴那里采购大多数设备。该大学最近与坎贝尔科学有限公司（Campbell Scientific Ltd）完成了KTP，该公司将负责一系列粗略的气象站，在该站点中，Aginova Inc.是负责Wi-Fi传感器的技术合作伙伴。这是一个雄心勃勃的项目，旨在在三个不同尺度上提供三个不同的传感器网络。该提案的独特卖点是加强已经成熟的合作伙伴关系，作为与Si-KTN的合作，将进一步确保与新合作伙伴的未来参与活动。总而言之，该项目的数据将有助于回答目前正在调查的关键研究问题，例如当前和未来的气候对主要稳定的人民和基础设施的影响是什么。

项目成果

A Low-Cost Wireless Temperature Sensor: Evaluation for Use in Environmental Monitoring Applications

低成本无线温度传感器：环境监测应用的评估

• DOI: 10.1175/jtech-d-13-00217.1
• 发表时间: 2014
• 期刊: Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology
• 影响因子: 2.2
• 作者: Cai X

An introduction to the Birmingham Urban Climate Laboratory

伯明翰城市气候实验室简介

• 作者: Lee Chapman (Author)

Crowdsourcing and Opportunistic Sensing: The Technology Isn't Going Away, So How Are We Going to Make it Work?

众包和机会感测：这项技术不会消失，那么我们如何让它发挥作用呢？

• 发表时间: 2018
• 作者: Chapman L

Methodology to separate urban from regional heat advection by use of the Weather Research and Forecasting mesoscale model

利用天气研究和预报中尺度模型将城市与区域热平流分开的方法

• DOI: 10.1002/qj.3062
• 发表时间: 2017
• 期刊: Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society
• 影响因子: 8.9
• 作者: Bassett R

Quantifying the Daytime and Night-Time Urban Heat Island in Birmingham, UK: A Comparison of Satellite Derived Land Surface Temperature and High Resolution Air Temperature Observations

• DOI: 10.3390/rs8020153
• 发表时间: 2016-02-01
• 期刊: REMOTE SENSING
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: Azevedo, Juliana Antunes;Chapman, Lee;Muller, Catherine L.
• 通讯作者: Muller, Catherine L.