Measurement of Halogen Species by Resonance Fluorescence
通过共振荧光测量卤素物质
基本信息
- 批准号:NE/G018839/1
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 31.46万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:英国
- 项目类别:Research Grant
- 财政年份:2010
- 资助国家:英国
- 起止时间:2010 至 无数据
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
Atmospheric ozone levels are of critical importance to human health and the environment for a number of reasons: In the stratosphere, the ozone layer absorbs harmful solar UV radiation. In the troposphere, ozone is a pollutant, harmful to human health, vegetation and materials, and is a greenhouse gas, but is also the major source of the key atmospheric oxidant OH, which initiates the removal of most compounds emitted to the atmosphere, including pollutants and greenhouse gases such as methane. Understanding the processes which may affect the atmospheric abundance of ozone and OH is therefore of considerable societal importance. Compounds containing the halogen atoms iodine and bromine, are known to be released to the atmosphere in marine environments through biological and physical processes. Once in the gas phase, the constituent halogen atoms may be released through photolysis, leading to a number of effects upon tropospheric composition: Catalytic ozone destruction, alteration of HOx and NOx ratios and abundance, and in the case of iodine compounds the formation of new particles which may grow and contribute to CCN concentrations, hence potentially affecting radiative balance and climate. It is therefore important to understand the sources and distribution of halogen species in the lower atmosphere, and to quantify their potential effects upon atmospheric composition. The main aim of this project is to develop a new instrument for the measurement of halogen (iodine and bromine) content in the lower atmosphere. The technique of resonance fluorescence will be used to detect halogen atoms; this then permits the detection of ambient I and Br atoms, photolabile iodine- and bromine-containing species (detected following broadband UV-visible photolysis leading to the release of their constituent halogen atoms), and BrO radicals (detected through chemical conversion to Br by reaction with added NO). A prototype instrument for the detection of iodine species, funded through a previous NERC award, was developed and a trial field deployment successfully completed in summer 2007, demonstrating the viability of the concept and the basic measurement capability. This project, a continuation of the previous award, will develop the prototype into a practical field system, improving the performance and extending the detection capability to bromine species. A second aim of the project is to apply the system to measure iodine compounds on a forthcoming research cruise in the Eastern Pacific Ocean, and to perform point measurements of bromine species at a coastal site in the North-East Atlantic. The former measurements will assess the boundary layer iodine activity in an area identified by satellite observations to be of high halogen activity, and will constrain the total gas-phase iodine content of the lower atmosphere, hence determining the concentration of condensable iodine species which are potentially available to form new particles. The latter experiment, which will include the first measurements of photolabile bromine content in the atmosphere, will determine the spatial distribution (coastal vs. open ocean) of bromine activity at Mace Head (previously only measured using long-path absorption instruments which average spatial heterogeneity), and also provide a field test / demonstration of the full, optimised instrument capability.
大气臭氧水平对于人类健康和环境至关重要,原因有很多:在平流层中,臭氧层吸收有害的太阳紫外线辐射。在对流层中,臭氧是一种污染物,对人类健康,植被和材料有害,是一种温室气体,但也是关键大气氧化剂OH的主要来源,它启动去除大多数化合物,包括污染物和甲烷等温室气体,例如甲烷。因此,了解可能影响臭氧大气丰度的过程,因此OH具有相当大的社会重要性。众所周知,含有卤素原子碘和溴的化合物通过生物学和物理过程在海洋环境中释放到大气中。一旦处于气相,可以通过光解释放组成的卤素原子,从而导致对对流层组成的许多影响:催化臭氧的破坏,HOX和NOX比和丰度的改变,以及在碘化的情况下,可能成长并有助于CCN浓度的新颗粒的形成,并有助于CCN的浓度,并且会影响范围,并且会影响范围。因此,重要的是要了解低大气中卤素物种的来源和分布,并量化它们对大气成分的潜在影响。该项目的主要目的是开发一种新的仪器,用于测量低大气中的卤素(碘和溴)含量。共振荧光技术将用于检测卤素原子。然后,这允许检测环境I和BR原子,光构碘和含溴的物种(在宽带UV可见光解后检测,导致其成分卤素原子释放)以及BRO自由基(通过添加的反应通过化学转化为BR检测到BR检测到BR)。开发了通过先前的NERC奖励资助的碘物种的原型工具,并于2007年夏季成功完成了试验现场部署,证明了该概念的可行性和基本的测量能力。该项目是上一个奖项的延续,将将原型开发为实用的现场系统,改善性能并将检测能力扩展到溴物种。该项目的第二个目的是应用该系统在东部太平洋即将进行的研究巡航上测量碘化合物,并在东北大西洋的沿海地区对溴物种进行点测量。前者测量值将评估通过卫星观测值确定为高卤素活性的区域的边界层碘活性,并将限制下部大气中的总气相碘含量,因此确定可能可用于形成新颗粒的可凝聚力碘物种的浓度。后一个实验将包括大气中光拟曲溴含量的首次测量,将确定梅斯头处的溴活性的空间分布(沿海与开阔的海洋)(以前仅使用平均空间异质性的长路径吸收仪器进行测量),还提供了完整,优化仪器功能的现场测试 /演示。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(2)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Uncertainties in gas-phase atmospheric iodine chemistry
气相大气碘化学的不确定性
- DOI:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.04.032
- 发表时间:2012
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:5
- 作者:Sommariva R
- 通讯作者:Sommariva R
Iodine monoxide at a clean marine coastal site: observations of high frequency variations and inhomogeneous distributions
- DOI:10.5194/acp-11-6721-2011
- 发表时间:2011-01-01
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:6.3
- 作者:Commane, R.;Seitz, K.;Heard, D. E.
- 通讯作者:Heard, D. E.
{{
item.title }}
{{ item.translation_title }}
- DOI:
{{ item.doi }} - 发表时间:
{{ item.publish_year }} - 期刊:
- 影响因子:{{ item.factor }}
- 作者:
{{ item.authors }} - 通讯作者:
{{ item.author }}
数据更新时间:{{ journalArticles.updateTime }}
{{ item.title }}
- 作者:
{{ item.author }}
数据更新时间:{{ monograph.updateTime }}
{{ item.title }}
- 作者:
{{ item.author }}
数据更新时间:{{ sciAawards.updateTime }}
{{ item.title }}
- 作者:
{{ item.author }}
数据更新时间:{{ conferencePapers.updateTime }}
{{ item.title }}
- 作者:
{{ item.author }}
数据更新时间:{{ patent.updateTime }}
William Bloss其他文献
William Bloss的其他文献
{{
item.title }}
{{ item.translation_title }}
- DOI:
{{ item.doi }} - 发表时间:
{{ item.publish_year }} - 期刊:
- 影响因子:{{ item.factor }}
- 作者:
{{ item.authors }} - 通讯作者:
{{ item.author }}
{{ truncateString('William Bloss', 18)}}的其他基金
West Midlands Air Quality Improvement Programme
西米德兰兹空气质量改善计划
- 批准号:
NE/S003487/1 - 财政年份:2019
- 资助金额:
$ 31.46万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
Integrated Research Observation System for Clean Air (OSCA)
清洁空气综合研究观测系统(OSCA)
- 批准号:
NE/T001976/1 - 财政年份:2019
- 资助金额:
$ 31.46万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
Total Ozone Reactivity: A new measurement of volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere
臭氧总反应性:大气中挥发性有机化合物的新测量方法
- 批准号:
NE/P003524/1 - 财政年份:2016
- 资助金额:
$ 31.46万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
Does Ozonolysis Chemistry affect Atmospheric Marine Boundary Layer Sulphur Cycling ?
臭氧分解化学是否影响大气海洋边界层硫循环?
- 批准号:
NE/N013654/1 - 财政年份:2016
- 资助金额:
$ 31.46万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
Sources of Nitrous Acid in the Atmospheric Boundary Layer
大气边界层中亚硝酸的来源
- 批准号:
NE/M013545/1 - 财政年份:2016
- 资助金额:
$ 31.46万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
An Integrated Study of Air Pollution Processes in Beijing
北京市空气污染过程综合研究
- 批准号:
NE/N007077/1 - 财政年份:2016
- 资助金额:
$ 31.46万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
An Integrated Study of Air Pollutant Sources in the Delhi National Capital Region (NCR)
德里国家首都地区 (NCR) 空气污染物源综合研究
- 批准号:
NE/P016499/1 - 财政年份:2016
- 资助金额:
$ 31.46万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
New International Collaborations for Atmospheric Ozone Research
大气臭氧研究的新国际合作
- 批准号:
NE/M00581X/1 - 财政年份:2014
- 资助金额:
$ 31.46万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
Reactions of Stabilised Criegee Intermediates in the Atmosphere: Implications for Tropospheric Composition & Climate
大气中稳定的 Criegee 中间体的反应:对对流层组成的影响
- 批准号:
NE/K005448/1 - 财政年份:2013
- 资助金额:
$ 31.46万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
ICOZA: Integrated Chemistry of Ozone in the Atmosphere
ICOZA:大气中臭氧的综合化学
- 批准号:
NE/K012169/1 - 财政年份:2013
- 资助金额:
$ 31.46万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
相似国自然基金
水气-颗粒物接触介导界面自由基演化及活性卤素物种生成的研究
- 批准号:22376080
- 批准年份:2023
- 资助金额:50 万元
- 项目类别:面上项目
活性卤素物种在固体一氧化碳中的光化学反应研究
- 批准号:
- 批准年份:2022
- 资助金额:30 万元
- 项目类别:青年科学基金项目
活性卤素物种在固体一氧化碳中的光化学反应研究
- 批准号:22203017
- 批准年份:2022
- 资助金额:30.00 万元
- 项目类别:青年科学基金项目
活性卤素物种BrO和IO对沿海地区自由基收支平衡与大气氧化性影响研究
- 批准号:41775113
- 批准年份:2017
- 资助金额:68.0 万元
- 项目类别:面上项目
应用同步辐射技术研究活性卤素在大气颗粒物界面多相协同反应过程及其机理
- 批准号:11575210
- 批准年份:2015
- 资助金额:82.0 万元
- 项目类别:面上项目
相似海外基金
Nucleation of Manganese Oxides in the Presence of Reactive Halogen Species
活性卤素物质存在下锰氧化物的成核
- 批准号:
1905077 - 财政年份:2019
- 资助金额:
$ 31.46万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
RUI: Spectroscopic studies of halogen substitution effects on covalent and noncovalent interactions in ionic and neutral species
RUI:卤素取代对离子和中性物质中共价和非共价相互作用的光谱研究
- 批准号:
1214070 - 财政年份:2012
- 资助金额:
$ 31.46万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: TORERO - Tropical Ocean tRoposphere Exchange of Reactive Halogen Species and Oxygenated VOC
合作研究:TORERO - 热带海洋对流层活性卤素物质和含氧 VOC 的交换
- 批准号:
1104104 - 财政年份:2011
- 资助金额:
$ 31.46万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: TORERO - Tropical Ocean tRoposphere Exchange of Reactive Halogen Species and Oxygenated VOC
合作研究:TORERO - 热带海洋对流层活性卤素物质和含氧 VOC 的交换
- 批准号:
1104179 - 财政年份:2011
- 资助金额:
$ 31.46万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Halogen oxides, nitryl chloride and other halogen species of atmospheric interest
卤素氧化物、硝酰氯和其他大气中感兴趣的卤素物质
- 批准号:
355607-2008 - 财政年份:2010
- 资助金额:
$ 31.46万 - 项目类别:
Discovery Grants Program - Individual