Climate response to orbital forcing during the Eocene deglaciated, high temperature, high CO2 state: New records from Sites 1210, 1258 & 1267

始新世冰消、高温、高二氧化碳状态下的气候对轨道强迫的响应：来自站点 1210、1258 的新记录

• 批准号: NE/G009376/1
• 负责人: Paul Wilson
• 金额: $ 5.19万
• 依托单位: University of Southampton
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2009 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FG009376%2F1
• 关键词: Climate; response; orbital; forcing; during

In the past 150 years mankind has increased the level of atmospheric carbon dioxide in the atmosphere from 280 parts per million by volume (ppmv) to 380 ppmv. We know that this anthropogenic value is much higher than anything seen on Earth in the last 800 thousand years from the famous records of air bubbles trapped in layers of ice cored in Antarctica. At the rate at which China and India are industrializing, by the end of this century, the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere is predicted to reach 750, perhaps 1000 ppmv. These sorts of concentrations have not been seen on Earth since the Eocene (about 50 million years ago) when our planet was much warmer and less glaciated than today (see cover story, New Scientist, 21 June, 2008). These remarkable observations mean that we must improve our understanding of the stability of these ancient geological climates. In the past this would not have been possible in the way that we propose because the sorts of geological materials required for this work (well-dated, well-preserved and undisturbed sediments from the depths of the oceans) were not available. However, the UK is part of a major international collaborative science program called the (Integrated)Ocean Drilling Program or (I)ODP. In its last phase of operation (I)ODP instigated a major campaign of drilling holes in the sea floor to retrieve the sorts of Eocene sediments required for this sort of work. Each of us was heavily involved in this campaign (see Part I, our 'track records'). Our proposal seeks funding to study natural climate variability during this 'Eocene greenhouse' interval using these recently recovered (I)ODP sediments. Specifically, we want to understand the sensitivity of climate to Earth's orbit of the Sun under this deglaciated, high temperature, high CO2 level state. We plan to generate palaeoclimate records for the surface and deep ocean by applying established chemical techniques to pin-head sized fossils called foraminifera that make their shells from calcium carbonate. A key aspect of our work will be to determine the rhythmic fluctuations in temperature and carbon cycle behaviour across different hemispheres, latitudes and oceans. Our work has the potential to identify novel methods to: 1) Tackle ongoing debate over the existence of substantial ice sheets during other intervals of geologic time. 2) Test for local (surface ocean export production) versus global (deep ocean 'acidity') control on the burial of CaCO3 at the sea floor.

在过去的 150 年里，人类将大气中二氧化碳的含量从体积百万分之 280 (ppmv) 增加到了 380 ppmv。从南极洲冰芯中困有气泡的著名记录中我们知道，这种人为价值远远高于过去 80 万年地球上所见的任何价值。按照中国和印度工业化的速度，到本世纪末，大气中二氧化碳的浓度预计将达到 750 ppmv，或许 1000 ppmv。自始新世（约 5000 万年前）以来，地球上从未见过这种浓度，当时我们的星球比今天温暖得多，冰川也较少（参见《新科学家》封面故事，2008 年 6 月 21 日）。这些非凡的观察结果意味着我们必须提高对这些古代地质气候稳定性的了解。在过去，这按照我们提议的方式是不可能的，因为这项工作所需的地质材料（来自海洋深处的年代清楚、保存完好且未受干扰的沉积物）无法获得。然而，英国是一项名为（综合）海洋钻探计划或（I）ODP 的重大国际合作科学计划的一部分。在其行动的最后阶段，(I)ODP 发起了一项在海底钻孔的大型活动，以获取此类工作所需的始新世沉积物。我们每个人都积极参与了这项活动（参见第一部分，我们的“业绩记录”）。我们的提案寻求资金，利用这些最近回收的 (I)ODP 沉积物来研究“始新世温室”期间的自然气候变化。具体来说，我们想了解在这种消融、高温、高二氧化碳水平的状态下，气候对地球太阳轨道的敏感性。我们计划通过将现有的化学技术应用于针头大小的有孔虫化石（这些化石的外壳由碳酸钙制成）来生成表层和深海的古气候记录。我们工作的一个关键方面是确定不同半球、纬度和海洋的温度和碳循环行为的节律波动。我们的工作有可能找到新的方法来：1）解决有关其他地质时期是否存在大量冰盖的持续争论。 2) 测试本地（表层海洋出口生产）与全球（深海“酸度”）对海底埋藏 CaCO3 的控制。

项目成果

Symbiont 'bleaching' in planktic foraminifera during the Middle Eocene Climatic Optimum

• DOI: 10.1130/g33388.1
• 发表时间: 2013-01-01
• 期刊: GEOLOGY
• 影响因子: 5.8
• 作者: Edgar, K. M.;Bohaty, S. M.;Wilson, P. A.
• 通讯作者: Wilson, P. A.

Transient temperature asymmetry between hemispheres in the Palaeogene Atlantic Ocean

• DOI: 10.1038/s41561-018-0182-9
• 发表时间: 2018-07
• 期刊: Nature Geoscience
• 影响因子: 18.3
• 作者: Zhonghui Liu;Yuxin He;Yiqing Jiang;Huanye Wang;Weiguo Liu;S. Bohaty;P. Wilson

Enhanced primary productivity and magnetotactic bacterial production in response to middle Eocene warming in the Neo-Tethys Ocean

• DOI: 10.1016/j.palaeo.2014.08.009
• 发表时间: 2014-11
• 期刊: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology
• 作者: J. Savian;L. Jovane;F. Frontalini;R. Trindade;R. Coccioni;S. Bohaty;P. Wilson;F. Florindo;A. Roberts;R. Catanzariti;F. Iacoviello

Mechanistic insights into a hydrate contribution to the Paleocene-Eocene carbon cycle perturbation from coupled thermohydraulic simulations

从耦合热水力模拟中了解水合物对古新世-始新世碳循环扰动的贡献机制

• DOI: 10.1002/2016gl069676
• 发表时间: 2016
• 期刊: Geophysical Research Letters
• 影响因子: 5.2
• 作者: Minshull T

Coccolithophore calcification response to past ocean acidification and climate change.

• DOI: 10.1038/ncomms6363
• 发表时间: 2014-11-17
• 期刊: NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
• 影响因子: 16.6
• 作者: O'Dea, Sarah A.;Gibbs, Samantha J.;Bown, Paul R.;Young, Jeremy R.;Poulton, Alex J.;Newsam, Cherry;Wilson, Paul A.
• 通讯作者: Wilson, Paul A.