Climate response to orbital forcing during the Eocene deglaciated, high temperature, high CO2 state: New records from Sites 1210, 1258 & 1267

始新世冰消、高温、高二氧化碳状态下的气候对轨道强迫的响应：来自站点 1210、1258 的新记录

• 批准号: NE/G009376/1
• 负责人: Paul Wilson
• 金额: $ 5.19万
• 依托单位: University of Southampton
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2009 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FG009376%2F1
• 关键词: Climate; response; orbital; forcing; during

In the past 150 years mankind has increased the level of atmospheric carbon dioxide in the atmosphere from 280 parts per million by volume (ppmv) to 380 ppmv. We know that this anthropogenic value is much higher than anything seen on Earth in the last 800 thousand years from the famous records of air bubbles trapped in layers of ice cored in Antarctica. At the rate at which China and India are industrializing, by the end of this century, the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere is predicted to reach 750, perhaps 1000 ppmv. These sorts of concentrations have not been seen on Earth since the Eocene (about 50 million years ago) when our planet was much warmer and less glaciated than today (see cover story, New Scientist, 21 June, 2008). These remarkable observations mean that we must improve our understanding of the stability of these ancient geological climates. In the past this would not have been possible in the way that we propose because the sorts of geological materials required for this work (well-dated, well-preserved and undisturbed sediments from the depths of the oceans) were not available. However, the UK is part of a major international collaborative science program called the (Integrated)Ocean Drilling Program or (I)ODP. In its last phase of operation (I)ODP instigated a major campaign of drilling holes in the sea floor to retrieve the sorts of Eocene sediments required for this sort of work. Each of us was heavily involved in this campaign (see Part I, our 'track records'). Our proposal seeks funding to study natural climate variability during this 'Eocene greenhouse' interval using these recently recovered (I)ODP sediments. Specifically, we want to understand the sensitivity of climate to Earth's orbit of the Sun under this deglaciated, high temperature, high CO2 level state. We plan to generate palaeoclimate records for the surface and deep ocean by applying established chemical techniques to pin-head sized fossils called foraminifera that make their shells from calcium carbonate. A key aspect of our work will be to determine the rhythmic fluctuations in temperature and carbon cycle behaviour across different hemispheres, latitudes and oceans. Our work has the potential to identify novel methods to: 1) Tackle ongoing debate over the existence of substantial ice sheets during other intervals of geologic time. 2) Test for local (surface ocean export production) versus global (deep ocean 'acidity') control on the burial of CaCO3 at the sea floor.

在过去的150年中，人类将大气中的大气二氧化碳的水平从每百万分的280份（PPMV）提高到380 ppmv。我们知道，这种人为价值比过去80万年前在地球上所见的任何人都要高得多，因为著名的气泡记录被困在南极洲的冰层中。以中国和印度在本世纪末工业化的速度，预计大气中二氧化碳的浓度预计将达到750，也许达到1000 ppmv。自从始新世（大约5000万年前）以来，我们的星球比今天更温暖，冰川少（参见封面故事，新科学家，2008年6月21日）以来，在地球上没有看到这种浓度。这些非凡的观察结果意味着，我们必须提高对这些古老地质气候稳定性的理解。过去，这是不可能的，因为这项工作所需的地质材料（良好的，保存完好，保存完好和不受干扰的沉积物都无法从海洋深处进行）。但是，英国是一项名为（综合）海洋钻探计划或（i）ODP的主要国际合作科学计划的一部分。在其最后阶段（i）ODP煽动了在海底钻孔的大型运动，以检索这种工作所需的始新世沉积物。我们每个人都参与了这项活动（请参阅第一部分，我们的“记录”）。我们的建议寻求资金在此“始新世温室”间隔期间使用这些最近回收的（i）ODP沉积物来研究自然气候变化。具体而言，我们想了解气候在这种退化的高温，高二氧化碳水平状态下气候对太阳轨道的敏感性。我们计划通过将已建立的化学技术应用于销头的化石，从而生成表面和深海的古气候记录，称为有孔的化石，这些化石从碳酸钙中产生壳。我们工作的一个关键方面是确定不同半球，纬度和海洋的温度和碳循环行为的节奏波动。我们的工作有可能确定以下新方法：1）在其他地质时期的其他时间间隔内解决有关大量冰盖的持续辩论。 2）测试局部（表面海洋出口生产）与全球（深海“酸度”）对CACO3在海底的埋葬的控制。

项目成果

Symbiont 'bleaching' in planktic foraminifera during the Middle Eocene Climatic Optimum

• DOI: 10.1130/g33388.1
• 发表时间: 2013-01-01
• 期刊: GEOLOGY
• 影响因子: 5.8
• 作者: Edgar, K. M.;Bohaty, S. M.;Wilson, P. A.
• 通讯作者: Wilson, P. A.

Transient temperature asymmetry between hemispheres in the Palaeogene Atlantic Ocean

• DOI: 10.1038/s41561-018-0182-9
• 发表时间: 2018-07
• 期刊: Nature Geoscience
• 影响因子: 18.3
• 作者: Zhonghui Liu;Yuxin He;Yiqing Jiang;Huanye Wang;Weiguo Liu;S. Bohaty;P. Wilson

Enhanced primary productivity and magnetotactic bacterial production in response to middle Eocene warming in the Neo-Tethys Ocean

• DOI: 10.1016/j.palaeo.2014.08.009
• 发表时间: 2014-11
• 期刊: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology
• 作者: J. Savian;L. Jovane;F. Frontalini;R. Trindade;R. Coccioni;S. Bohaty;P. Wilson;F. Florindo;A. Roberts;R. Catanzariti;F. Iacoviello

Mechanistic insights into a hydrate contribution to the Paleocene-Eocene carbon cycle perturbation from coupled thermohydraulic simulations

从耦合热水力模拟中了解水合物对古新世-始新世碳循环扰动的贡献机制

• DOI: 10.1002/2016gl069676
• 发表时间: 2016
• 期刊: Geophysical Research Letters
• 影响因子: 5.2
• 作者: Minshull T

Coccolithophore calcification response to past ocean acidification and climate change.

• DOI: 10.1038/ncomms6363
• 发表时间: 2014-11-17
• 期刊: NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
• 影响因子: 16.6
• 作者: O'Dea, Sarah A.;Gibbs, Samantha J.;Bown, Paul R.;Young, Jeremy R.;Poulton, Alex J.;Newsam, Cherry;Wilson, Paul A.
• 通讯作者: Wilson, Paul A.