STAIR DESCENT BY THE ELDERLY--SAFETY AND BIOMECHANICS

老年人下楼梯——安全与生物力学

• 批准号: 6163777
• 负责人: PETER Robert CAVANAGH
• 金额: $ 21.65万
• 依托单位: PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY, THE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-03-01 至 2002-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6163777
• 关键词: accident proneness; accidental falls; age difference; aging; biomechanics; chordate locomotion; clinical research; electromyography; frail elderly; functional ability; gait; geriatrics; human old age (65+); human subject; joints; psychomotor function; sensorimotor system; visual deprivation; visual perception

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from the Applicant's Abstract): Stairs often present a formidable physical and psychological obstacle to elders, who are intuitively aware that falls from stairs account for the highest proportion of fall related injuries when compared to all other fall causations. In particular, stair descent is the most common dangerous locomotor activity and accidents during descent outnumber those during ascent by over 3 to 1. Despite these facts, there are little data available on this topic. The investigators in this proposal, therefore, propose a study which after assembling a suitable experimental setting will attempt to define the presently unknown biomechanical characteristics of stair descent. Essentially, three major groups of subjects will be studied. A healthy group of individuals, both young and elderly (70-79 years of age), an elderly group with a single prominent disability, and an elderly group with multiple deficits. Their specific aims are 1) to construct an experimental staircase that will enable the investigation of important biomechanical and visual aspects of stair use to be measured in a valid, safe and effective manner, 2) to define the biomechanical characteristics of stair descent under optimal, extrinsic conditions in healthy, unimpaired young and elderly subjects, 3) to define the biomechanical characteristics of stair descent under non-optimal, extrinsic and visual conditions in healthy, unimpaired young and elderly subjects, and 4) to understand how motor (osteoarthritic patients), somatosensory (neuropathic diabetic model), and multiple impairments (frail elderly) together with degraded extrinsic conditions affect the safety of elders during the different phases of stair descent.

描述（改编自申请人的摘要）：楼梯通常呈现出一种 给老年人带来巨大的身心障碍 直观地意识到从楼梯上摔下来所占比例最高 与所有其他跌倒原因相比，跌倒相关伤害的发生率。 在 特别是，下楼梯是最常见的危险运动活动 下降过程中的事故数量比上升过程中的事故数量多出 3 比 1。 尽管有这些事实，但关于这个主题的可用数据却很少。 这 因此，本提案中的研究人员提出了一项研究，之后 组装合适的实验设置将尝试定义 目前未知的楼梯下降的生物力学特征。 本质上，将研究三组​​主要科目。 一个健康的 一群人，包括年轻人和老年人（70-79 岁） 具有单一显着残疾的老年群体和具有单一显着残疾的老年群体 多重赤字。 他们的具体目标是 1）构建一个实验 楼梯将能够研究重要的生物力学和 楼梯使用的视觉方面应以有效、安全和有效的方式进行测量 方式，2）定义楼梯下降的生物力学特征 在健康、未受损的年轻人和老年人的最佳外部条件下 受试者，3) 定义楼梯下降的生物力学特征 在健康、未受损的非最佳、外在和视觉条件下 年轻和老年受试者，以及 4) 了解运动（骨关节炎）如何 患者）、体感（神经性糖尿病模型）和多种 损伤（年老体弱）以及外在条件恶化 影响长者下楼梯不同阶段的安全。