EFFECT OF WALKING SPEED ON THE MECHANICS OF GAIT

步行速度对步态力学的影响

• 批准号: 6160833
• 负责人: J P HOLDEN
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ARTHRITIS AND MUSCULOSKELETAL AND SKIN DISEASES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6160833
• 关键词: biomechanics; body movement; clinical research; ergonomics; gait; human subject; knee; limb movement; neuromuscular function; young adult human (21-34)

It is estimated that up to 43 million Americans have a disabling condition that limits one or more of their daily activities, and that 38% of people with disabilities have significant mobility limitations. Biomechanically-based movement analysis is used increasingly in the surgical and medical treatment of a variety of neuromuscular and musculoskeletal disorders associated with these functional limitations. Inverse dynamics analysis provides data on the joint kinetics -- net muscle moments and powers used at joints during movement -- which reveal the neuromuscular strategies used to produce the observed movement. A patient's gait patterns are often evaluated using comparisons with data obtained from healthy individuals, despite the fact that many patients walk at much slower speeds. Kinetic patterns were investigated for 18 healthy adult subjects (9 male, 9 female) who walked at five speeds ranging from 25% to 125% of a normal walking speed. At the knee, the shapes of the mean patterns were similar for the three fastest, most natural walking speeds. At the two slowest speeds, however, subjects used little knee flexion and small knee moments through mid-stance, resulting in negligible joint power through the first 80% of the stance phase. At these speeds, most subjects had moment patterns that could not be classified with confidence as "normal" or as predominantly flexor or extensor. Only four subjects had knee flexor moment patterns at the slowest speeds, and these included much smaller flexor moments in early stance phase than in some previous reports.

据估计，多达4300万美国人有残疾人 条件限制了一个或多个日常活动，而38％ 残疾人有重大的流动性限制。 基于生物力学的运动分析越来越多地用于 各种神经肌肉的手术和医学治疗 与这些功能局限性相关的肌肉骨骼疾病。 反动力学分析提供了有关关节动力学的数据 - 网络 运动过程中关节的肌肉力量和力量 - 揭示 用于产生观察到的运动的神经肌肉策略。 一个 经常使用与数据的比较评估患者的步态模式 尽管许多患者 以较慢的速度行走。研究了18个动力学模式 健康的成人受试者（9名男性，9名女性）以五个速度行走 从正常步行速度的25％到125％不等。 在膝盖上 对于三个最快的三个，大多数的平均图案形状相似 自然步行速度。 但是，在两个最慢的速度下，受试者 在中期中使用了小膝盖屈曲和小膝盖时刻， 通过前80％的立场，导致无可忽视 阶段。 以这些速度，大多数受试者的力矩模式无法 置信为“正常”或主要是屈肌或 伸肌。 只有四个受试者在 速度最慢，其中包括早期的屈肌瞬间 立场阶段比以前的一些报告中的阶段。