Monitoring antibody protection against SARS-CoV-2 variants

监测抗体对 SARS-CoV-2 变体的保护作用

• 批准号: MR/Y033698/1
• 负责人: Gavin Screaton
• 金额: $ 149.91万
• 依托单位: University of Oxford
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2024
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2024 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=MR%2FY033698%2F1
• 关键词: Monitoring; antibody; protection; against; SARS; Monitoring; antibody; protection; against; SARS

Vaccines were rapidly developed following the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, and the protection from infection and more importantly from severe disease they afford has saved may lives. Antibody responses to the spike protein following vaccination or natural infection are believed, along with T cell responses to mediate protection. Since its emergence in late 2019 the SARS-CoV-2 virus has undergone significant evolutionary change and the spike protein is a hotspot for mutations. Successive waves of new variants have dominated infections and then been replaced by new strains. Mutations in spike occur in regions crucial for the binding of antibodies, induced by vaccination and infection, rendering them less able to neutralise the virus and prevent infection. There is thus a huge selective pressure for the SARS-CoV-2 virus to continue to evolve and escape immune responses in order to maintain infectious cycles in the human population, many of whom have received multiple vaccines and natural infections.It is now clear that SARS-CoV-2 is established in humans and will be present for the long term. This programme of work aims to study the continued evolution of the virus and its ability to escape the immune response. Our findings will aid the assessment of the risk that newly emerging variants pose, the choice of future vaccines for vulnerable populations and may lead to the development of monoclonal antibody theraies.

SARS-COV-2大流行后，疫苗迅速开发，并且免受感染的保护，更重要的是，他们挽救了五月寿命。据信疫苗接种或自然感染后对峰值蛋白的抗体反应以及T细胞的介导保护的反应。自2019年底出现以来，SARS-COV-2病毒已经发生了重大的进化变化，而尖峰蛋白是突变的热点。连续的新变体波浪占据了感染，然后被新菌株取代。峰值突变发生在疫苗接种和感染引起的抗体结合至关重要的区域，使它们降低了中和病毒并防止感染的能力。因此，SARS-COV-2病毒的选择性压力很大，以继续发展和逃避免疫反应，以维持人口中的传染性周期，其中许多人已经接受了多种疫苗和自然感染。现在很明显SARS-COV-2是在人类中建立的，并将长期存在。该工作计划旨在研究病毒的持续发展及其逃避免疫反应的能力。我们的发现将有助于评估新出现的变种构成的风险，对脆弱人群的未来疫苗的选择，并可能导致单克隆抗体theraies的发展。