BRAINSTEM ESOPHAGEAL - GASTRIC CONTROL REFLEXES

脑干食管 - 胃控制反射

• 批准号: 6177696
• 负责人: Richard C. Rogers
• 金额: $ 11.6万
• 依托单位: OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-09-01 至 2004-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6177696
• 关键词: autonomic reflex; brain stem; corticotropin releasing factor; esophagus motility /pressure; hormone regulation /control mechanism; laboratory rat; neuroregulation; psychological stressor; reflux esophagitis; stomach motility /pressure; swallowing; vagus nerve

The esophageal distension-gastric relaxation response or "receptive relaxation reflex" [RRR] is an autonomic mechanism which normally increases gastric volume and reduces intragastric pressure to assure that swallowed food is efficiently transported to and retained by the stomach. There is a large body of descriptive literature which supports the existence of the RRR in a number of species including rats and humans. This reflex is mediated largely, is not exclusively by a vagal afferent-CNS-vagal efferent pathway. Failure of this reflex mechanism has been held responsible for a number of serious swallowing and reflux disorders. This circuitry, which produces gastric relaxation, may also play a critical role in the perception of nausea and the production of emesis. Our preliminary results suggest that the central RR circuitry of esophageal vagal afferent connections with the nucleus of the solitary tract, pars centralis (NSTc] which, in turn, projects throughout the entire dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus [DMN]. DMN efferents which control the motility and compliance functions of the stomach are separable into two distinct vagal pathway. The other DMN projection to the stomach probably activates a non-adrenergic non-cholinergic [NANC] enteric circuit. Based on our preliminary physiological data we formulate the following hypotheses: the NSTc neurons activated by esophageal afferent input operate on these two separate DMN pathways to the stomach such that the muscarinic ["excitatory"] pathway is inhibited while the NANC ["inhibitory"] pathway is activated. The combination of effects produces a profound relaxation. Furthermore, we predict that a previously identified corticotrophin releasing hormone [CRH]- ergic CNS mechanism activated by psychological stress produces gastric stasis by activating RR circuit elements in the dorsal vagal complex. These predictions will be tested by a combination of in vivo and in vitro neurophysiological and immunocytochemical protocols.

食管延伸性宿舍松弛反应或“接受弛豫反射” [RRR]是一种自主机制，通常会增加胃体积并降低胃内压力，以确保吞咽食物被有效地运输到并保留在胃中。有大量的描述性文献支持在包括大鼠和人类在内的许多物种中存在RRR。这种反射在很大程度上介导，不仅是由迷走神经传统CNS-gagal传出途径介导的。这种反射机制的失败已导致许多严重的吞咽和反流疾病。这种产生胃松弛的电路也可能在恶心和发育的产生中起关键作用。 Our preliminary results suggest that the central RR circuitry of esophageal vagal afferent connections with the nucleus of the solitary tract, pars centralis (NSTc] which, in turn, projects throughout the entire dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus [DMN]. DMN efferents which control the motility and compliance functions of the stomach are separable into two distinct vagal pathway. The other DMN projection to the stomach probably activates a非肾上腺素能的非胆碱能力[NANC]肠电路。此外，我们预测，先前鉴定的皮质营养素释放激素[CRH] - 由心理压力激活的ERGIC CNS机制通过激活背模络合物中的RR电路元素会产生胃停滞。这些预测将通过体内和体外神经生理和免疫细胞化学方案的结合来测试。