Understanding the molecular mechanisms that drive global CO2 fixation to improve photosynthesis

了解驱动全球二氧化碳固定以改善光合作用的分子机制

• 批准号: MR/T020679/1
• 负责人: Luke Mackinder
• 金额: $ 155.67万
• 依托单位: University of York
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Fellowship
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2020 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=MR%2FT020679%2F1
• 关键词: Understanding; molecular; mechanisms; drive; global; Understanding; molecular; mechanisms; drive; global

Photosynthetic algae fix approximately 50% of global CO2, yet our understanding of the molecular mechanisms driving this process are limited. Deep knowledge of algal CO2 fixation at the genetic level has great potential for enhancing photosynthesis to improve biological carbon capture to drive a future carbon neutral economy and to enhance crop yields to ensure food security. This multidisciplinary project will use cutting edge methods in microscopy, robotics and synthetic biology to give rapid advances in our understanding of CO2 fixation in algae and supply the knowledge and tools for future engineering efforts to increase crop yields and biological based carbon capture systems.Nearly all algae have evolved a photosynthetic turbocharger called a CO2 concentrating mechanism (CCM) that increases the efficiency of the primary carbon fixing enzyme, Rubisco, by increasing levels of its substrate CO2 in its proximity. The engineering of a CCM into crop plants that have failed to evolve CCMs, such as rice and wheat, is predicted to increase yields by up to 60%. The data generated in this project will give us an unprecedented insight into CO2 fixation in prokaryotic and eukaryotic algae. The data will subsequently guide the assembly of the first test tube CO2 concentrating system that will act as a platform for testing different components (i.e. proteins) and optimising component combinations to enable the engineering of CCMs into plants.To attain our goal, we will systematically identify the CCM components and regulatory mechanisms of two evolutionary distinct algae that are fundamental for global CO2 fixation, eukaryotic diatoms and prokaryotic cyanobacteria. We will use this data to identify the underlying principles for efficient CO2 fixation and provide the knowledge and molecular toolkit to engineer a synthetic CCM. To achieve this the project has three core objectives: 1) Generate the first complete cell protein map for a photosynthetic organism to give novel insights into cyanobacterial CO2 fixation.2) Identify the core components of the poorly understood diatom CCM using high-throughput gene editing and protein localisation methods. 3) Build a synthetic CO2 fixation system to guide the engineering of enhanced photosynthesis in plants.Together, I anticipate the data will pave the way for future engineering efforts of CCMs to enhance photosynthesis.

光合藻类固定了大约50％的全球二氧化碳，但是我们对驱动该过程的分子机制的理解受到限制。对遗传水平的藻类二氧化碳固定的深刻了解具有增强光合作用的巨大潜力，以改善生物碳捕获，以推动未来的碳中性经济并提高作物产量以确保粮食安全。这个多学科项目将在显微镜，机器人技术和合成生物学中使用尖端方法，在我们对藻类中的二氧化碳固定方面的理解快速发展，并为未来的工程努力提供知识和工具，以增加农作物产量和基于生物学的碳捕获系统。酶，rubisco，通过增加其底物二氧化碳的水平。 CCM将CCM的工程化为未能进化的CCM，例如大米和小麦，预计将增加产量高达60％。该项目中产生的数据将使我们对原核生物和真核藻类中的二氧化碳固定性有前所未有的见解。 The data will subsequently guide the assembly of the first test tube CO2 concentrating system that will act as a platform for testing different components (i.e. proteins) and optimising component combinations to enable the engineering of CCMs into plants.To attain our goal, we will systematically identify the CCM components and regulatory mechanisms of two evolutionary distinct algae that are fundamental for global CO2 fixation, eukaryotic diatoms and核细菌。我们将使用这些数据来确定有效的CO2固定的基本原理，并提供知识和分子工具包来设计合成CCM。为了实现这一目标，该项目具有三个核心目标：1）生成光合生物体的第一个完整的细胞蛋白图，以提供对蓝细菌二氧化碳固定的新见解。2）确定使用高通量基因编辑和蛋白质定位方法确定知之甚少的Diotom CCM的核心成分。 3）建立一个合成的二氧化碳固定系统，以指导植物中增强光合作用的工程。