DEMOGRAPHIC AGING IN CAPTIVE BIRDS AND MAMMALS

圈养鸟类和哺乳动物的人口老龄化

基本信息

批准号：
2855101
负责人：
ROBERT E. RICKLEFS
金额：
$ 7.33万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI-ST. LOUIS
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1999-05-01 至 2001-04-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2855101
关键词：
Aves aging animal age group animal mortality animal population study body composition case history family genetics longevity

项目摘要

This project will characterize variation in rates of aging in captive populations of vertebrates (mammals, birds, and reptiles) in zoological parks by quantifying the increase in mortality rate as a function of age, which is referred to as actuarial senescence (AS). Previous analyses have shown that AS in both natural and captive populations of mammals and birds varies by nearly an order of magnitude and that mortality resulting from aging processes is similar in natural and zoo settings. This suggests that aging-related mortality is the result of unique intrinsic causes of death (e.g., vascular disease, malignancies, autoimmune disease) rather than increasing vulnerability to extrinsic causes of mortality (predation, accident, contagious disease, weather- related starvation) owing to general deterioration of physiological function. Demographic patterns of aging will be compared by analyzing data in the International Species Information System (ISIS), which is the major international data base for zoos and animal parks. The data include ages and, in some cases, causes of death, as well as information about parentage that permit an assessment of inherited components of the rate of aging. After data editing, ages at death are converted to survival curves, which are then fit by a Weibull aging model to estimate the parameters of actuarial senescence for each species. Rate of AS will be related to other aspects of life history, including body mass, metabolic rate, development period, age at maturity, diet, and mortality rates in the wild. Ages at death will also be compared among siblings and half-siblings to estimate heritabilities of AS. The ultimate goals of this study are to establish a comparative data base for actuarial senescence in captive populations of vertebrates, to identify model organisms for further research on the physiology of aging, and to determine the feasibility of involving zoological institutions in collaborative, non-invasive research on aging.

该项目将描述圈养动物老化率的变化特征动物学中的脊椎动物（哺乳动物、鸟类和爬行动物）种群公园通过量化死亡率的增加作为函数年龄，称为精算衰老（AS）。以前的分析表明，自然种群和圈养种群中都有 AS 哺乳动物和鸟类的差异接近一个数量级自然和动物园中衰老过程导致的死亡率相似设置。这表明与衰老相关的死亡率是由于独特的内在死亡原因（例如血管疾病、恶性肿瘤、自身免疫性疾病）而不是增加对外源性的脆弱性死亡原因（捕食、事故、传染病、天气）相关饥饿）由于生理状况普遍恶化功能。将通过分析来比较人口老龄化模式国际物种信息系统 (ISIS) 中的数据动物园和动物公园的主要国际数据库。数据包括年龄，在某些情况下，还包括死亡原因以及信息关于允许评估遗传成分的亲子关系老化率。数据编辑后，死亡年龄转换为生存曲线，然后通过威布尔老化模型拟合来估计每个物种的精算衰老参数。 AS率将与生活史的其他方面有关，包括体重，代谢率、发育期、成熟年龄、饮食和死亡率野外的价格。兄弟姐妹之间的死亡年龄也将进行比较和同父异母的兄弟姐妹来估计 AS 的遗传力。最终目标本研究的目的是建立一个精算比较数据库圈养脊椎动物种群的衰老，以确定模型生物体以进一步研究衰老的生理学，并确定动物机构参与的可行性关于衰老的协作性、非侵入性研究。