PULMONARY MASS AND HEAT TRANSPORT

肺传质和传热

• 批准号: 2908621
• 负责人: JAMES Bernard GROTBERG
• 金额: $ 17.55万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1988
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1988-08-01 至 2003-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2908621
• 关键词: biological fluid transport; computer simulation; fluid flow; laboratory rat; mathematical model; model design /development; nonblood rheology; pulmonary surfactants; respiratory airflow measurement; respiratory airway clearance; respiratory airway pressure; respiratory airway volume; respiratory gas transport; video microscopy

DESCRIPTION (Applicant's abstract): This proposal seeks to identify and evaluate the fundamental mechanisms for transport of liquids instilled into the lung. A liquid bolus instilled into the lung may occur under a variety of circumstances. The liquid may be a suspension of surfactants, a mixture of surfactants and drugs or genetic material, a perfluorocarbon, or a liquid with other constituents. Relevant applications are for surfactant replacement therapy, use of surfactants as a vehicle for drugs (e.g. for cardio-pulmonary resuscitation) or for gene therapy, partial liquid ventilation, inadvertent liquid instillations such as aspiration and therapeutic and diagnostic broncho-alveolar lavage. The transport of liquids instilled into the lung depends on a combination of effects including physical forces, properties of the instilled liquid and its constituents, properties and physiologic status of the lung and its airways and pulmonary clearance mechanisms. Identification and quantification of these interplaying effects will provide a basis for developing reliable, predictable strategies for instilled-liquid delivery. The long term objectives of this work are: to investigate factors controlling the transport and delivery of such instilled liquids and constituents; to develop methods for predicting and controlling their time course and spatial distribution; to provide a rational basis for clinical applications and assessment of liquid + constituent delivery; to enhance the ability to control target selectivity in liquid bolus transport. The flow and transport of an instilled liquid bolus involves a number of physical regimes as the bolus traverses the central airways to the alveoli. By means of mathematical analysis, benchtop experiments and animal models, we propose to investigate overall transport as well as, individually, transport within the large airways, small airways and alveoli. Within each of these regimes there are dominant mechanisms controlling flow and transport of the bolus and its constituents: liquid plug flow, gravity drainage, surface-tension-driven flows and alveolar uptake. By investigating these particular regimes, individually and collectively, we will provide new information about the physical processes which govern transport for instilled liquids.

描述（申请人的摘要）：该提案旨在确定和 评估输注液体的基本机制 肺。液体推注可能会在多种情况下发生 情况。该液体可以是表面活性剂的悬浮液、 表面活性剂和药物或遗传物质、全氟化碳或含有 其他成分。相关应用是表面活性剂替代品 治疗，使用表面活性剂作为药物载体（例如心肺治疗） 复苏）或基因治疗、部分液体通气、无意中 液体滴注，例如抽吸、治疗和诊断 支气管肺泡灌洗。输注液体至肺部的运输 取决于多种效应的组合，包括物理力、 滴注液及其成分、性质和生理状态 肺及其气道和肺部清除机制。识别和 这些相互作用的影响的量化将为 制定可靠、可预测的输液策略。这 这项工作的长期目标是：调查控制因素 此类滴注液体和成分的运输和交付；发展 预测和控制其时间进程和空间的方法 分配;为临床应用提供合理依据 液体+成分输送的评估；以增强控制能力 液体推注运输中的目标选择性。的流动和运输 滴注液体推注涉及许多身体状况，因为推注 穿过中央气道到达肺泡。通过数学的手段 分析、台式实验和动物模型，我们建议进行调查 整体运输以及大型航空公司内的单独运输， 小气道和肺泡。在每一个政权中，都有占主导地位的 控制丸剂及其成分的流动和运输的机制： 液体塞流、重力排水、表面张力驱动流和肺泡流 吸收。通过单独和独立地调查这些特定制度 我们将共同提供有关物理过程的新信息 管理滴注液体的运输。