PEPTIDERGIC NEURONS OF THE PRIMATE RETINA

灵长类动物视网膜的肽能神经元

• 批准号: 2859881
• 负责人: DAVID W MARSHAK
• 金额: $ 23.12万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCI CTR HOUSTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1986
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1986-05-01 至 2004-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2859881
• 关键词: Macaca; amacrine cells; color visions; computer simulation; cone cell; confocal scanning microscopy; electron microscopy; fluorescent dye /probe; gap junctions; immunocytochemistry; lateral geniculate body; light microscopy; motion perception; neural information processing; neuroanatomy; radionuclide double label; retinal bipolar neuron; retinal ganglion; space perception; synapses; visual fields; visual pathways; visual perception

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from applicant's abstract): The goal of the research is to describe the neural circuits that provide input to the midget and parasol ganglion cells that give rise to the two major parallel processing streams in the macaque visual pathway. Because the retina of macaque monkey is very similar to that of humans, the results will also be helpful for understanding human vision. Specific aim 1 investigates midget cells that are known to project to the parvocellular layers of the LGN, and are thought to contribute to spatial vision, and to red-green color vision. Their inputs from long and medium wavelength cones via midget bipolar cells have been well characterized in the central retina. During the last funding period, inputs to midget ganglion cells were investigated in peripheral retina as well, and two amacrine cells in this pathway were described and will be identified in the proposed experiments. The working hypothesis is that interactions between these two amacrine cells are essential to account for the color-specific surround responses of midget ganglion cells. Specific aim 2 investigates parasol ganglion cells that project to the magnocellular layers of the LGN and contribute to perception of motion as well as other aspects of perception. During the prior funding period, synaptic inputs to parasol cells were described, and gap junctions were found at two sites providing input to these cells. The working hypothesis is that gap junctions are a common feature of this pathway, and the proposed experiments will identify more types of presynaptic neurons and examine potential sites of electrical coupling. Specific aim 3 is to make a realistic computer model of the neural circuits that were found in anatomical studies to provide input to ganglion cells. The model of the input circuit to midget ganglion cells will test the novel hypothesis that accounts for their cone-specific surrounds without cone-specific connections except those known to exist in central retina between cones, midget bipolar cells and midget ganglion cells. Parasol cells are more sensitive than midget cells to luminance contrast and respond more transiently. Unlike midget cells, they also fire in synchrony with other parasol cells of the same subtype. The modeling studies will test hypotheses that differences in synaptic inputs to the midget and parasol ganglion cells can account for many of these physiological differences.

描述（改编自申请人的摘要）：该研究的目标是 描述为侏儒和阳伞提供输入的神经回路 神经节细胞产生两个主要的并行处理流 猕猴视觉通路。因为猕猴的视网膜非常 与人类相似，结果也将有助于理解 人类的视觉。具体目标 1 研究已知的侏儒细胞 投射到 LGN 的细细胞层，并被认为有助于 空间视觉和红绿色视觉。他们的投入来自长期和 通过小型双极细胞的中波长锥体已得到很好的表征 在视网膜中央。在上一个资助期间，对小型企业的投入 还对周边视网膜中的神经节细胞进行了研究，并发现了两个无长突细胞 该途径中的细胞已被描述，并将在拟议的 实验。工作假设是这两者之间的相互作用 无长突细胞对于解释特定颜色的周围环境至关重要 侏儒神经节细胞的反应。具体目标2考察遮阳伞 神经节细胞投射到 LGN 的大细胞层和 有助于运动感知以及感知的其他方面。 在之前的资助期间，对伞细胞的突触输入是 描述，并且在两个位点发现间隙连接，为这些提供输入 细胞。工作假设是间隙连接是 这条途径，以及拟议的实验将识别更多类型 突触前神经元并检查电耦合的潜在位点。 具体目标 3 是建立一个真实的神经回路计算机模型 在解剖学研究中发现为神经节细胞提供输入。这 侏儒神经节细胞的输入电路模型将测试新颖的 假设无需解释其锥体特定周围环境 锥体特异性连接，除了已知存在于视网膜中央的连接之外 视锥细胞、小型双极细胞和小型神经节细胞。阳伞细胞较多 比小型细胞对亮度对比度更敏感，并且响应更短暂。 与侏儒细胞不同，它们还与其他伞细胞同步放电。 相同的亚型。模型研究将检验以下假设： 侏儒和伞神经节细胞的突触输入可以解释许多 这些生理差异。