FishOtlilithPhysio - Fish Otolith Physiology, and Implications for Climate Change, Conservation, and Fisheries Management

FishOtlilithPhysio - 鱼类耳石生理学以及对气候变化、保护和渔业管理的影响

• 批准号: EP/Y023730/1
• 负责人: Rod Wilson
• 金额: $ 25.55万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF EXETER
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Fellowship
• 财政年份: 2024
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2024 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FY023730%2F1
• 关键词: FishOtlilithPhysio; Fish; Otolith; Physiology; Implications

Otoliths are calcium carbonate structures biomineralized in the inner ear of fish, and are used for balance and hearing. Otoliths grow continuously throughout the fish's life, forming continuous rings that can be aged much like trees. Today, fishery managers count otolith rings to estimate age, which is then incorporated into age-structured models to estimate wild fish populations. Fishery managers then use these otolith-reliant models to set catch limits to sustainably regulate fisheries and prevent overfishing. Many scientists also analyze the isotopic and elemental signatures of otoliths to gather historical environmental and metabolic factors such as temperature, diet, and salinity as experienced by the fish. Thus, the otolith is an invaluable tool for ecology, migratory biology, conservation, paleobiology, and fishery research. Despite its importance, our mechanistic understanding of otolith biomineralization remains poor. Furthermore, climate change will affect otoliths: ocean warming and acidification accelerate biomineralization, while hypoxia reduces it. This lack of mechanistic knowledge threatens the accuracy of otolith-reliant models, and by extension fisheriesmanagement under future climate change. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop foundational understanding on how the inner ear biomineralizes the otolith, its annual rings, and its elemental signatures. This proposal brings together Drs. Garfield Kwan, Rod Wilson, and Clive Trueman (secondment), who collectively have the world-leading expertise and state-of-the-art facilities in fish physiology, inner ear cell biology, and biogeochemistry necessary to investigate the ion-transport pathways responsible for otolith responses to warming, acidification, hypoxia, and feeding. This knowledge is critical to understanding how fish otoliths respond to future climate scenarios, and safeguard modern otolith-reliant tools, coastal economies, fisheries, and food security for communities around the world.

耳石是鱼类内耳中生物矿化的碳酸钙结构，用于平衡和听力。耳石在鱼的一生中不断生长，形成连续的环，可以像树木一样老化。如今，渔业管理者通过计算耳石环来估计年龄，然后将其纳入年龄结构模型中以估计野生鱼类的数量。然后，渔业管理者使用这些依赖耳石的模型来设定捕捞限制，以可持续地监管渔业并防止过度捕捞。许多科学家还分析耳石的同位素和元素特征，以收集鱼类经历的历史环境和代谢因素，例如温度、饮食和盐度。因此，耳石是生态学、迁徙生物学、保护、古生物学和渔业研究的宝贵工具。尽管耳石生物矿化很重要，但我们对耳石生物矿化的机制了解仍然很薄弱。此外，气候变化会影响耳石：海洋变暖和酸化会加速生物矿化，而缺氧则会减少生物矿化。这种机械知识的缺乏威胁着依赖耳石的模型的准确性，并进而威胁到未来气候变化下的渔业管理。因此，迫切需要对内耳如何生物矿化耳石、其年轮及其元素特征有基础的了解。这项提案汇集了博士。 Garfield Kwan、Rod Wilson 和 Clive Trueman（借调），他们在鱼类生理学、内耳细胞生物学和生物地球化学方面共同拥有世界领先的专业知识和最先进的设施，以研究负责的离子传输途径用于耳石对变暖、酸化、缺氧和进食的反应。这些知识对于了解鱼类耳石如何应对未来的气候情景，以及保护现代依赖耳石的工具、沿海经济、渔业和世界各地社区的粮食安全至关重要。